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Development of a Culturally Targeted Smoking Cessation Intervention for African American Smokers

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Abstract

In this paper we describe the development a culturally targeted (CT) smoking cessation intervention for low-to-middle income African–American smokers. Based on theoretically based guidelines, modifications were made to a standard treatment manual for group-based smoking cessation counseling that incorporates cognitive-behavioral, motivational, and twelve step skills. Approximately 41% of the standard treatment materials were modified, and four new modules were developed. A pilot study was conducted to compare acceptability, feasibility and early outcome indicates in African American smokers randomized to the CT intervention compared with existing data from African American smokers treated using a non-targeted standard approach (ST). Outcomes from the CT pilot study were promising: results showed high levels of feasibility, acceptability and better adherence to nicotine replacement therapy, higher quit rates, and better retention and follow-up compared with the ST. Findings suggest that a culturally targeted and intensive group based smoking cessation treatment is plausibly effective in improving smoking cessation outcomes in African American smokers, warranting a larger randomized trial.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by a grant from the Illinois Department of Public Health, Illinois Tobacco-Free Communities Program (#23281104). This study was also supported by awards from the NIH-National Institute on Drug Abuse to Dr. Andrea King (K08-AA00276) and by awards from the NIH-National Cancer Institute (5K01CA098753 and CCSG P30-CA14599) and the NIH-National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities Research (L60MD000577) to Dr. Sanchez-Johnsen. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Melissa Lopez, B.A.for her technical assistance and formatting in the preparation of this article; Elizabeth Chilton, Shannon Grube, and Roslyn Riley for data collection and database management; and GlaxoSmith Kline Consumer Health Care in Pittsburg, PA for donating the Nicoderm® CQ® patches for this study. Appreciation is also extended to staff at the Chicago Public Schools, Jane Addams Hull House Association’s Parkway Community House, and Gifts of God Church, particularly Reverends John and Gay Chisum in Chicago, IL for use of their facilities to conduct the intervention groups.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Nursing and Howard Brown Health Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 South Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Alicia K. Matthews

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Lisa Sánchez-Johnsen & Andrea King

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  1. Alicia K. Matthews
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  2. Lisa Sánchez-Johnsen
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  3. Andrea King
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Correspondence to Alicia K. Matthews.

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Although the terms “African Americans” and “European Americans” are used throughout this manuscript, the authors acknowledge that there is great heterogeneity within these ethnic classifications. “African Americans” refers to those who self-identify as African American or Black, and whose ethnic origins can be traced to the Black ethnic groups of Africa.

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Matthews, A.K., Sánchez-Johnsen, L. & King, A. Development of a Culturally Targeted Smoking Cessation Intervention for African American Smokers. J Community Health 34, 480–492 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-009-9181-5

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