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Application of Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) to manufacture porous and functionally graded structures for load bearing implants

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Abstract

Fabrication of net shape load bearing implants with complex anatomical shapes to meet desired mechanical and biological performance is still a challenge. In this article, an overview of our research activities is discussed focusing on application of Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™) toward load bearing implants to increase in vivo life time. We have demonstrated that LENS™ can fabricate net shape, complex metallic implants with designed porosities up to 70 vol.% to reduce stress-shielding. The effective modulus of Ti, NiTi, and other alloys was tailored to suit the modulus of human cortical bone by introducing 12–42 vol.% porosity. In addition, laser processed porous NiTi alloy samples show a 2–4% recoverable strain, a potentially significant result for load bearing implants. To minimize the wear induced osteolysis, unitized structures with functionally graded Co–Cr–Mo coating on porous Ti6Al4V were also made using LENS™, which showed high hardness with excellent bone cell–materials interactions. Finally, LENS™ is also being used to fabricate porous, net shape implants with a functional gradation in porosity characteristics.

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Acknowledgments

Authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the Office of Naval Research under the grant number N00014-1-05-0583. We also like to acknowledge financial support from the W. M. Keck Foundation for establishing a Biomedical Materials Research Lab at WSU.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-2920, USA

    Amit Bandyopadhyay, B. V. Krishna, Weichang Xue & Susmita Bose

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  1. Amit Bandyopadhyay
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  2. B. V. Krishna
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  3. Weichang Xue
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  4. Susmita Bose
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Correspondence to Amit Bandyopadhyay.

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Bandyopadhyay, A., Krishna, B.V., Xue, W. et al. Application of Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) to manufacture porous and functionally graded structures for load bearing implants. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 20 (Suppl 1), 29–34 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-008-3478-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-008-3478-2

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