Abstract
Precipitation was accomplished at 80 °C for magnetic nanoparticles in bicontinuous microemulsions that were stabilized with different concentrations of a surfactants mixture of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide/didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (3/2, w/w). These nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Transmission Electronic Microscopy (STEM), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), which demonstrated that they were composed of magnetite or a mixture of magnetite-maghemite. The particles were found to have average diameters between 6.9 and 7.9 nm with relatively narrow particle size distribution and showed possible superparamagnetic behavior. In addition, we observed an inverse dependence of particle size on surfactant concentration. Yields obtained in these precipitation reactions were found to be up to three times higher than those typically reported in specialized literature about precipitation of magnetic nanoparticles in reverse microemulsions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Battle X, Labarta A (2002) J Phys D Apply Phys 35:R15
Frenkel J, Dorfman J (1930) Nature 126:274. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/126274a0
Tartaj P, Morales MP, Veintemillas-Verdaguer S, González-Carreño T, Serna CJ (2003) J Phys D Apply Phys 36:R182
Shinkai M (2002) J Biosci Bioeng 94:606. Medline
Pankhurst QA, Connolly J, Jones SK, Dobson JJ (2003) Phys D Appl Phys 36:R167
Berry CC, Curtis ASG (2003) J Phys D Appl Phys 36:R198. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/36/13/203
Gobe M, Kon-No K, Kandori K, Kitahara A (1983) J Colloid Interface Sci 93:293. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(83)90411-3
Bandow S, Kimura K, Kon-No K, Kitahara A (1987) Jpn J Appl Phys 26:713. doi:https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.26.713
Lee KM, Sorensen CM, Klabunde KJ, Hadjipanayis GC (1992) IEEE Trans Magn 28:3180. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/20.179751
Liz L, López-Quintela MA, Mira J, Rivas J (1994) J Mater Sci 29:3797. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00357351
Pillai VK (1995) PhD thesis, University of Florida
López-Pérez JA, López-Quintela MA, Mira J, Rivas J (1997) IEEE Trans Magn 33:4359. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/20.620446
Dresco PA, Zaitsev VS, Gambino RJ, Chu B (1999) Langmuir 15:1945. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/la980971g
Lee HS, Lee WC, Furubayashi T (1999) J Appl Phys 85:5231. doi:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.369953
Santra S, Tapec R, Theodoropoulou N, Dobson J, Hebard A, Tan W (2001) Langmuir 17:1900. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/la0008636
Liu ZL, Wang X, Yao KL, Du GH, Lu QH, Ding ZH, Tao J, Ning Q, Luo XP, Tian DY, Xi D (2004) J Mater Sci 39:2633. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JMSC.0000020046.68106.22
Lee Y, Lee J, Bae CJ, Park JG, Noh HJ, Park JH, Hyeon T (2005) Adv Funct Mater 15:503. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200400187
Koutzarova T, Koulev S, Ghelev C, Paneva D, Nedkov I (2006) Phys Status Solidi C 3:1302. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200563115
Osseo-Asare K (1999) In: Kumar P, Mittal KL (eds) Handbook of microemulsion science and technology, 1st edn. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York
Esquivel J, Facundo IA, Treviño ME, López RG (2007) J Mat Sci 42:9015. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1834-0
Ezrahi S, Aserin A, Garti N (1999) In: Kumar P, Mittal KL (eds) Handbook of microemulsion science and technology, 1st edn. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York
Eicke HF, Borkovec M, Gupta BD (1989) J Phys Chem 93:314. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/j100338a062
Borkovec M, Eicke HF, Hammerich H, Gupta BD (1988) J Phys Chem 92:206. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/j100312a045
Billman JF, Kaler EW (1990) Langmuir 6:611. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/la00093a016
Maitra A, Mathew C, Varshney M (1990) J Phys Chem 94:5290. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/j100376a024
Sineva AV, Ermolat’ev DS, Pertsov AV (2007) Colloid J 69:89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061933X07010127
Sager WFC (2002) Materie und Material 10:A6/1
Collins EA (1997) In: Lovell PA, El-Aasser MS (eds) Emulsion polymerization and emulsion polymers, 1st edn. Wiley, Chichester
Kodama RH (1999) J Magn Magn Mater 200:359. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00347-9
Cornell RM, Schwertmann U (1996) The iron oxides. Structure, properties, reactions, occurrence and uses. VCH, Weinheim, Germany
Selim S (1997) US Patent 5695901
Lee Y, Lee J, Bae CJ, Park JG, Noh HJ, Park JH, Hyeon T (2005) Adv Funct Mater 15:2036. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200590040
Acknowledgements
National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT) supported this research through grant SEP 2003-CO2-45436. We are grateful to Janet Valdés and Patricia Siller for their technical assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Loo, A.L., Pineda, M.G., Saade, H. et al. Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles in bicontinuous microemulsions. Effect of surfactant concentration. J Mater Sci 43, 3649–3654 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2581-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2581-6