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Settlement Patterns, Source–Sink Dynamics, and Artiodactyl Hunting in the Prehistoric U.S. Southwest

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Abstract

Numerous studies in the US Southwest suggest that prehistoric artiodactyl populations in areas of dense human settlement experienced population reductions which substantially reduced their availability to human hunters. Although most assemblages from villages in this region are dominated by lagomorphs, some settlements maintained greater access to artiodactyls. Factors influencing this variability include both local settlement history and settlement location relative to productive source areas for large game. In our study areas, source–sink dynamics likely contributed to the long-term resilience of hunted artiodactyl populations and allowed villagers continued access to animals moving in from source areas despite relatively rapid game depletion in heavily hunted areas immediately around villages.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Keith Kintigh and Matt Peeples for their assistance with the Zuni case and Scott Ortman and the researchers and staff of the Crow Canyon Archaeological Center for their assistance with the Mesa Verde case. We also thank the journal editors and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier draft of this paper. Funding for this research was provided by the Social Science and Humanities Research Council (Canada). Additional support was provided by Simon Fraser University and the School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University.

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  1. Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Karen Gust Schollmeyer & Jonathan C. Driver

  2. School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Box 2402, Tempe, AZ, 85287-2402, USA

    Karen Gust Schollmeyer

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Correspondence to Karen Gust Schollmeyer.

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Schollmeyer, K.G., Driver, J.C. Settlement Patterns, Source–Sink Dynamics, and Artiodactyl Hunting in the Prehistoric U.S. Southwest. J Archaeol Method Theory 20, 448–478 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-012-9160-5

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