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Obstructive sleep apnea: the new cardiovascular disease. Part I: obstructive sleep apnea and the pathogenesis of vascular disease

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Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a novel cardiovascular risk factor. OSA is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery disease and stroke. OSA exerts its negative cardiovascular consequences through its unique pattern of intermittent hypoxia. Endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation are all consequences of OSA directly linked to intermittent hypoxia and critical pathways in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in patients with OSA. This review will discuss the known mechanisms of vascular dysfunction in patients with OSA and their implications for cardiovascular disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Ohio State University Sleep Heart Program, The Ohio State University, 473 W 12th Ave, Suite 105, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Rami Khayat & Brian Patt

  2. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, 473 W 12th Ave, Suite 105, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Rami Khayat

  3. Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA

    Don Hayes Jr.

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  1. Rami Khayat
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  2. Brian Patt
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Correspondence to Brian Patt.

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Khayat, R., Patt, B. & Hayes, D. Obstructive sleep apnea: the new cardiovascular disease. Part I: obstructive sleep apnea and the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Heart Fail Rev 14, 143–153 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-008-9112-z

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