Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Variability of Wing Size and Shape in Three Populations of a Recent Brazilian Invader, Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae), from Different Habitats

  • Published:
Genetica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an African species that was introduced in Brazil near the end of the 1990’s decade. To evaluate the adaptive potential of morphological traits in natural populations of this recently introduced species, we have investigated wing size and shape variation at Rio de Janeiro populations only two years after the first record of Z. indianus in Brazil. Significant genetic differences among populations from three distinct ecological habitats were detected. The heritability and evolvability estimates show that, even with the population bottleneck that should have occurred during the invasion event, an appreciable amount of additive genetic variation for wing size and shape was retained. Our results also indicated a greater influence of environmental variation on wing size than on wing shape. The importance of quantitative genetic variability and plasticity in the successful establishment and dispersal of Z. indianus in the Brazilian territory is then discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

a :

large radius of the ellipse

ANOVA:

Analysis on Variance

ARF:

Atlantic rain forest area – Floresta da Tijuca

b :

small axe of the ellipse

covOP :

offspring – parent covariance

CVA :

coefficient of additive genetic variance

df:

degrees of freedom

G1:

first generation of individuals raised in the laboratory; offspring of wild-caught females

G2:

second generation of individuals raised in the laboratory

h 2 :

narrow sense heritability

I A :

evolvability measured as the ratio between additive genetic variance and the square of the mean value of the trait – VA2

MS:

mean square

Ns:

nonsignificant

p :

probability

PC1:

first principal component

PC2:

second principal component

PCA:

principal component analysis

PCAL :

principal component analysis based on all first generation laboratory-reared individuals of the three collection sites

PCAN :

principal component analysis based on all wild-caught individuals of the three collection sites

PCAOP-L :

principal component analysis based on all individuals used for laboratory heritability estimates – G1 parents and G2 offspring

PCAOP-N :

principal component analysis based on all individuals used for cross-environment heritability estimates – wild-caught females and G1 offspring of the HIE sample

r :

correlation coefficient

r A :

genetic correlation coefficient

RES:

Restinga – open shrub vegetation area

SH:

wing shape defined as b/a

HIE:

human impact environment

SI:

wing size defined as √(b*a)

V A :

additive genetic variance

V P :

phenotypic variance

 :

trait mean

References

  • F.J. Ayala L. Serra A. Prevosti (1989) ArticleTitleA grand experiment in evolution – The Drosophila subobscura colonization of the Americas Genome 31 246–255

    Google Scholar 

  • R.B.R. Azevedo V. French L. Partridge (2002) ArticleTitleTemperature modulates epidermal cell size in Drosophila melanogaster J. Insect Physiol. 48 231–237 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0022-1910(01)00168-8 Occurrence Handle12770123

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • J.S.F. Baker R.A. Krebs (1995) ArticleTitleGenetic variation and plasticity of thorax length and wing length in Drosophila aldrichi and D. buzzatii J. Evol. Biol. 8 689–709 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1420-9101.1995.8060689.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. Balanya C. Segarra A. Prevosti L. Serra (1994) ArticleTitleColonization of America by Drosophila subobscura – The founder event and a rapid expansion J. Hered. 85 427–432 Occurrence Handle7995925

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • W.A. Becker (1992) Manual of Quantitative Genetics EditionNumber5 Academic Enterprises Pullman, WA

    Google Scholar 

  • B.C. Bitner-Mathé L.B. Klaczko (1999a) ArticleTitleSize and shape heritability in natural populations of Drosophila mediopunctata: temporal and microgeographical variation Genetica 105 35–42 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1003591726851

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B.C. Bitner-Mathé L.B. Klaczko (1999b) ArticleTitleHeritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations of size and shape of Drosophila mediopunctata wings Heredity 83 688–696

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Brncic M. Budnik (1987) ArticleTitleChromosomal-polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura at different elevations in central Chile Genetica 75 161–166 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00123570 Occurrence Handle3505224

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • E.H. Bryant S.A. McCommas L.M. Combs (1986) ArticleTitleThe effect of an experimental bottleneck upon quantitative genetic variation in the housefly Genetics 114 1191–1211

    Google Scholar 

  • E.H. Bryant L.M. Meffert (1988) ArticleTitleEffect of an experimental bottleneck on morphological integration in the housefly Evolution 42 698–707

    Google Scholar 

  • E.H. Bryant L.M. Meffert (1990) ArticleTitleMultivariate phenotypic differentiation among bottleneck lines of the housefly Evolution 44 660–668

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Cavicchi G. Giorgi M. Mochi (1978) ArticleTitleInvestigation on early divergence between populations of Drosophila melanogaster kept at different temperatures Genetica 48 81–87 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00127503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. Cavicchi G. Giorgi N. Vanna D. Guerra (1991) ArticleTitleTemperature-related divergence in experimental populations of Drosophila melanogaster. III. Fourier and centroid analysis of wing shape and relationship between shape variation and fitness J. Evol. Biol. 4 141–159 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1420-9101.1991.4010141.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • P. Capy E. Pla J.R. David (1993) ArticleTitlePhenotypic and genetic variability of morphometrical traits in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans.1. Geographic variations Genet. Sel. Evol. 25 517–536

    Google Scholar 

  • M.T. Chassagnard L. Tsacas (1993) ArticleTitleThe subgenus Zaprionus-S STR definition of species groups and revision of the Vittiger subgroup (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 29 173–194

    Google Scholar 

  • J.M. Cheverud E.J. Routman (1996) ArticleTitleEpistasis as a source of increased additive genetic variance at population bottlenecks Evolution 50 1042–1051

    Google Scholar 

  • J.A. Coyne E. Beecham (1987) ArticleTitleHeritability of two morphological characters within and among natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster Genetics 117 727–737 Occurrence Handle3123311

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • J.R. David L. Tsacas (1981) ArticleTitleCosmopolitan, subcosmopolitan and widespread species: different strategies within the drosophilid family Compte Rendu Sommaire des Séances de la Société Biogéographie 57 11–26

    Google Scholar 

  • D.S. Falconer T.F.C. Mackay (1996) Introduction to Quantitative Genetics EditionNumber4 Longman Scientific and Technical Harlow, Essex

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Frankham J.D. Ballou D.A. Briscoe (2002) Introduction to conservation genetics Cambridge University Press United Kingdom

    Google Scholar 

  • A.S. Gilchrist L. Partridge (1999) ArticleTitleA comparison of the genetic basis of wing size divergence in three parallel body size clines of Drosophila melanogaster Genetics 153 1775–1787 Occurrence Handle10581284

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • G.W. Gilchrist R.B. Huey L. Serra (2001) ArticleTitleRapid evolution of wing size clines in Drosophila subobscura Genetica 112 273–286 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1013358931816 Occurrence Handle11838770

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • G.W. Gilchrist R.B. Huey J. Balanya M. Pascual L. Serra (2004) ArticleTitleA time series of evolution in action: a latitudinal cline in wing size in South American Drosophila subobscura Evolution 58 768–780 Occurrence Handle15154553

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goñi, B., P. Fresia, M. Calviño, M.J. Ferreiro, V.L.S. Valente & B. Silva, 2001. First record of Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970 (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in southern localities of Uruguay. Droso Infor. Ser. 84: 61–65

  • M. Harry E. Rashkovetsky T. Pavlicek S. Baker E.M. Derzhavets P. Capy M.L. Cariou D. Lachaise N. Asada E. Nevo (1999) ArticleTitleFine-scale biodiversity of Drosophilidae in “Evolution Canyon” at the Lower Nahal Oren microsite, Israel Biologia 54 685–705

    Google Scholar 

  • A.A. Hoffmann J. Shirriffs (2002) ArticleTitleGeographic variation for wing shape in Drosophila serrata Evolution 56 1068–1073 Occurrence Handle12093021

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • B.S. Holland (2000) ArticleTitleGenetics of marine bioinvasions Hydrobiologia 420 63–71 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1003929519809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D. Houle (1992) ArticleTitleComparing evolvability and variability of quantitative traits Genetics 130 195–204 Occurrence Handle1732160

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • R.B. Huey G.W. Gilchrist M.L. Carlson D. Berrigan L. Serra (2000) ArticleTitleRapid evolution of a geographic cline in size in an introduced fly Science 287 308–309 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.287.5451.308 Occurrence Handle10634786

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • A.G. Imasheva O.A. Bubli O.E. Lazebny L. Zhivotovsky (1995) ArticleTitleGeographic differentiation in wing shape in Drosophila melanogaster Genetica 96 303–306 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF01439584 Occurrence Handle8522169

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • A.C. James R.B.R. Azevedo L. Partridge (1997) ArticleTitleGenetic and environmental responses to temperature of Drosophila melanogaster from a latitudinal cline Genetics 146 881–890 Occurrence Handle9215894

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • R.N. Johnson P.T. Starks (2004) ArticleTitleA surprising level of genetic diversity in an invasive wasp: Polistes dominulus in the Northeastern United States Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 97 732–737

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Karan A.K. Munjal P. Gibert B. Moreteau R. Parkash J.R. David (1998) ArticleTitleLatitudinal clines for morphometrical traits in Drosophila kikkawai: a study of natural populations from the Indian subcontinent Genet. Res. 71 31–38 Occurrence Handle10.1017/S0016672397003054 Occurrence Handle9674381

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D. Karan S. Dubey B. Moreteau R. Parkash J.R. David (2000) ArticleTitleGeographical clines for quantitative traits in natural populations of a tropical drosophilid: Zaprionus indianus Genetica 108 91–100 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1004090517967 Occurrence Handle11145427

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • L.B. Klaczko B.C. Bitner-Mathé (1990) ArticleTitleOn the edge of a wing Nature 346 321–321 Occurrence Handle10.1038/346321a0 Occurrence Handle2165218

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • A. Leibowitz M. Santos A. Fontdevila (1995) ArticleTitleHeritability and selection on body-size in a natural population of Drosophila buzzatii Genetics 141 181–189 Occurrence Handle8536966

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Machado T.M., A.M. Solé-Cava, J.R. David & B.C. Bitner-Mathé, 2005. Allozyme variability in an invasive drosophilid, Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae): comparison of a recently introduced Brazilian population with Old␣World populations. Ann. Soci. Entomol. France, 41: in press

  • N.A. Mantel (1967) ArticleTitleThe detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach Cancer Res. 27 209–220 Occurrence Handle6018555

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • B.P. Matta B.C. Bitner-Mathé (2004) ArticleTitleGenetic architecture of wing morphology in Drosophila simulans and an analysis of temperature effects Heredity 93 330–341 Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.hdy.6800508 Occurrence Handle15305171

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • S. Meiri T. Dayan (2003) ArticleTitleOn the validity of Bergmann’s rule J. Biogeogr. 30 331–351

    Google Scholar 

  • E.M. Moraes F.M. Sene (2004) ArticleTitleHeritability of wing morphology in a natural population of Drosophila gouveai Genetica 121 119–123 Occurrence Handle10.1023/B:GENE.0000040380.19645.87 Occurrence Handle15330111

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • E.M. Moraes M.H. Manfrin A.C. Laus R.S. Rosada S.C. Bomfin F.M. Sene (2004) ArticleTitleWing shape heritability and morphological divergence of the siling species Drosophila mercatorum and Drosohila paranaensis Genetica 92 466–473

    Google Scholar 

  • P.A. Parsons (1987) ArticleTitleEvolutionary rates under environmental-stress Evol. Biol. 21 311–347

    Google Scholar 

  • L. Partridge M. Farquhar (1983) ArticleTitleLifetime mating success of male fruitflies (Drosophila melanogaster) is related to their size Anim. Behav. 31 871–877

    Google Scholar 

  • Partridge, L., A. Ewing & A. Chandler, 1987. Male size and mating success in Drosophila melanogaster – The roles of male and female behavior. Anim. Behav. 35: 555–562

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Pascual C.F. Aquadro V. Soto L. Serra (2001) ArticleTitleMicrosatellite variation in colonizing and palearctic populations of Drosophila subobscura Mol. Biol. Evol. 18 731–740 Occurrence Handle11319257

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • J.R. Powell (1997) Progress and Prospects in Evolutionary Biology: the Drosophila Model Oxford University press New York 562 p

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Roff (1977) ArticleTitleDispersal in Dipterans – Its costs and consequences J. Anim. Ecol. 46 443–456

    Google Scholar 

  • D.A. Roff (1997) Evolutionary Quantitative Genetics Chapman and Hall New York

    Google Scholar 

  • F.J. Rohlf (1992) NTSYS-pc: Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System, version 1.70 Applied Biostatistics Inc New York

    Google Scholar 

  • A.K. Sakai F.W. Allendorf J.S. Holt D.M. Lodge J. Molofsky K.A. With S. Baughman R.J. Cabin J.E. Cohen N.C. Ellstrand D.E. McCauley P. O’Neil I.M. Parker J.N. Thompson S.G. Weller (2001) ArticleTitleThe population biology of invasive species Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 32 305–332 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.32.081501.114037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D.L. Stern (2000) ArticleTitleEvolutionary developmental biology and the problem of variation Evolution 54 1079–1091 Occurrence Handle11005278

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • C.R. Vilela (1999) ArticleTitleIs Zaprionus indianus Grupta, 1970 (diptera, drosophilidae) currently colonizing the Neotropical region? Dros. Inf. Serv 82 37–39

    Google Scholar 

  • L. Wilkinson (1997a) Systat 7.0: New Statistics – Ch.1: Bootstrapping and Sampling SPSS Inc Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • L. Wilkinson (1997b) Systat for Windows, version 7.0 SPSS Inc Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • J.H. Willis H.A. Orr (1993) ArticleTitleIncreased heritable variation following population bottlenecks – The role of dominance Evolution 47 949–957

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68011, CEP 21944-970, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Roberta Loh & Blanche Christine Bitner-Mathé

Authors
  1. Roberta Loh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Blanche Christine Bitner-Mathé
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Blanche Christine Bitner-Mathé.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Loh, R., Bitner-Mathé, B.C. Variability of Wing Size and Shape in Three Populations of a Recent Brazilian Invader, Zaprionus indianus (Diptera: Drosophilidae), from Different Habitats. Genetica 125, 271–281 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-005-0367-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-005-0367-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation