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Adipose levels of dioxins and risk of breast cancer

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Abstract

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the breast cancer risk associated with body burden levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs).

Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study among 79 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and 52 controls diagnosed with benign breast conditions. We collected breast adipose tissue and analyzed it for all 17 2,3,7,8-substitituted PCDD/PCDFs. We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate age- and race-adjusted exposure-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each individual PCDD/PCDF congener as well as for the summary measures (I-TEQ, Adj-TEQ).

Results: Dioxin levels were consistent with reports from other small, contemporary studies of body burdens in the U.S. None of the odds ratios for any of the congeners or summary measures differed significantly from one. Especially for the PCDF congeners, point estimates tended to be below one. One notable exception was octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), for which the odds ratio for the second and third tertiles appeared modestly elevated (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.47:3.16 and OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 0.64:4.12, respectively), though the test for trend was not significant (p = 0.36).

Conclusion: Breast cancer risk was not associated with adipose levels of PCDD/PCDFs. More study is suggested among women of color who may have higher body burden levels of these compounds.

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Abbreviations

1234678-HpCDD:

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

1234678-HpCDF:

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzofuran

123478-HxCDF:

1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran

123678-HxCDD:

1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

123678-HxCDF:

1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran

OCDD:

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

12378-PeCDD:

1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

23478-PeCDF:

2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran

2378-TCDD:

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

TCDD:

Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Adj-TEQ:

Adjusted Toxic Equivalents (congeners below detection are omitted)

β:

beta

°C:

degrees celsius

CI:

confidence interval

CDTSC:

California Department of Toxic Substances Control

DL:

detection limit

HML:

Hazardous Materials Laboratory

IARC:

International Agency for Research on Cancer

I-TEQ:

International Toxic Equivalents

m:

meter

mm:

millimeter

Na2SO4:

sodium sulfate

OR:

odds ratio

PBDEs:

polybrominated diphenyl ethers

PCBs:

polychlorinated biphenyls

PCDDs:

polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins

PCDFs:

polychlorinated dibenzofurans

pg/g:

picograms per gram – 10−12

SMR:

standardized mortality ratio

SWHS:

Seveso Women’s Health Study

TEQ:

Toxic Equivalents

U.S.:

United States

μ;L:

microliter

μm:

micrometer

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. California Department of Health Services, Environmental Health Investigations Branch, 1515 Clay Street, Suite 1700, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA

    Peggy Reynolds, Daniel Smith & Debra Gilliss

  2. Public Health Institute, 1515 Clay Street, Suite 1700, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA

    Susan E. Hurley & Debbie E. Goldberg

  3. California Department of Toxic Substances Control, Hazardous Materials Laboratory, 700 Heinz Avenue, Suite 100, Berkeley, CA, 94710, USA

    Myrto Petreas

  4. Stanford University School of Medicine, MSLS Building, Room P214, 1201 Welch Road M/C 5494, Stanford, CA, 94305–5494, USA

    M. Ellen. Mahoney & Stefanie S. Jeffrey

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  1. Peggy Reynolds
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Correspondence to Peggy Reynolds.

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Reynolds, P., Hurley, S.E., Petreas, M. et al. Adipose levels of dioxins and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Causes Control 16, 525–535 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-004-7840-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-004-7840-5

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