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The role of phytohormones in basal resistance and Trichoderma-induced systemic resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Abstract

Thirty-six phytohormone-affected mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. and their parental ecotypes were tested for resistance/susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea Pers.; Fr. and ability to develop Trichoderma-mediated induced systemic resistance (ISR). Ecotype Colombia-0 (Col-0) was relatively resistant to B. cinerea, and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai T39 application at sites spatially separated (roots) from the B. cinerea inoculation (leaves) resulted in reduction of grey mold symptoms. Ecotypes Wassilewskija-4, Nossen-0 and Landsberg-0 had low levels of basal resistance to B. cinerea and were unable to express ISR. Mutants derived from ISR-non-inducible ecotypes displayed ISR-non-inducible phenotypes, whereas the ISR inducibility of mutants derived from the ISR-inducible genotype Col-0 varied according to the type of mutant. Thus, salicylic acid (SA)-impaired mutants derived from Col-0 were ISR-inducible, while ethylene/jasmonic acid (ethylene/JA)-impaired mutants of the same origin were ISR-non-inducible. SA-impaired mutants retained basal level of resistance to B. cinerea, while most ethylene/JA-impaired mutants were highly susceptible. Abscisic acid- and gibberellin-impaired mutants were highly susceptible to B. cinerea and showed ISR-non-inducible phenotypes irrespective of their lines of origin. Auxin-resistant mutants derived from Col-0 were ISR-inducible; mutant originating from Landsberg-0 and mutants which were resistant to both auxin and ethylene were ISR-non-inducible. Most of the arabidopsis genotypes which were unable to express Trichoderma-mediated ISR against B. cinerea exhibited enhanced susceptibility to this pathogen. T. harzianum treatments enhanced the growth of arabidopsis plants regardless of genotype or ISR inducibility.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

GA:

Gibberellic acid

HR:

Hypersensitive response

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

ISR:

Induced systemic resistance

JA:

Jasmonic acid

SA:

Salicylic acid

SAR:

Systemic acquired resistance

PR:

Pathogenesis-related

PGPR:

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria

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Acknowledgements

The study of the susceptibilities of arabidopsis mutants to B. cinerea was supported by grant No. TU 50/9-4 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). N. Korolev’s work was supported by a fellowship from the Israeli Ministry of Immigration. We thank the Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Center and the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (Columbus, OH) for the arabidopsis seeds and the P. Tudzynski from the Institute Fuer Botanik, Muenster, Germany for fruitful discussions.

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  1. Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel

    N. Korolev, D. Rav David & Y. Elad

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  1. N. Korolev
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  2. D. Rav David
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  3. Y. Elad
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Correspondence to N. Korolev.

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Korolev, N., Rav David, D. & Elad, Y. The role of phytohormones in basal resistance and Trichoderma-induced systemic resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana . BioControl 53, 667–683 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-007-9103-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-007-9103-3

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