Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Relationship between serum cystatin C and serum adiponectin level in type 2 diabetic patients

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Clinical and Experimental Nephrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

To investigate the relationship between serum levels of cystatin C and adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

We examined serum cystatin C and adiponectin levels in 234 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited our hospital.

Results

The serum level of cystatin C was positively correlated with age (P < 0.001), duration of diabetes (P = 0.013), serum creatinine (P < 0.001), uric acid (P < 0.001), and adiponectin (p = 0.001), while it was inversely correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.001). Serum adiponectin was significantly higher in patients with high serum cystatin C levels than in those with normal cystatin C levels (8.3 ± 4.7 and 6.2 ± 3.2 μg/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). Adiponectin was also significantly higher in male patients with high cystatin C levels, but not in females. In multiple regression analysis, serum adiponectin was also independently and significantly correlated to age, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and serum cystatin C.

Conclusions

Serum adiponectin level was correlated with serum cystatin C level on simple and multiple regression analyses in patients with type 2 diabetes. Although circulating adiponectin is increased in advanced kidney disease, it might be biologically inactive due to binding to cystatin C and thus not display an anti-arteriosclerotic effect.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Arita Y, Kihara S, Ouchi N, Takahashi M, Maeda K, Miyagawa J, et al. Paradoxical decrease of an adipose-specific protein, adiponectin, in obesity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009;257:79–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Stefan N, Vozarova B, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Weyer C, Lindsay RS, et al. Plasma adiponectin concentration is associated with skeletal muscle insulin receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, and low plasma concentration precedes a decrease in whole-body insulin sensitivity in humans. Diabetes. 2002;51:1884–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Matsuzawa Y. Adiponectin: a key player in obesity related disorders. Curr Pharm Des. 2010;16:1896–901.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Lindsay RS, Funahashi T, Hanson RL, Matsuzawa Y, Tanaka S, Tataranni PA, et al. Adiponectin and development of type 2 diabetes in the Pima Indian population. Lancet. 2002;360:57–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kumada M, Kihara S, Sumitsuji S, Kawamoto T, Matsumoto S, Ouchi N, et al. Association of hypoadiponectinemia with coronary artery disease in men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:85–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Pischon T, Girman CJ, Hotamisligil GS, Rifai N, Hu FB, Rimm EB. Plasma adiponectin levels and risk of myocardial infarction in men. JAMA. 2004;291:1730–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Fujita H, Morii T, Koshimura J, Ishikawa M, Kato M, Miura T, et al. Possible relationship between adiponectin and renal tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy. Endocr J. 2006;53:745–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. George J, Patal S, Wexler D, Sharabi Y, Peleg E, Kamari Y, et al. Circulating adiponectin concentrations in patients with congestive heart failure. Heart. 2006;92:1420–4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Imagawa A, Funahashi T, Nakamura T, Moriwaki M, Tanaka S, Nishizawa H, et al. Elevated serum concentration of adipose-derived factor, adiponectin, in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1665.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:S1–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, Coresh J, Culleton B, Hamm LL, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation. 2003;108:2154–69.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Krolewski AS, Warram JH, Rand LI, Kahn CR. Epidemiologic approach to the etiology of type I diabetes mellitus and its complications. N Engl J Med. 1987;317:1390–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Masaie H, Oritani K, Yokota T, Takahashi I, Shirogane T, Ujiie H, et al. Adiponectin binds to chemokines via the globular head and modulates interactions between chemokines and heparan sulfates. Exp Hematol. 2007;35:947–56.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Komura N, Kihara S, Sonoda M, Maeda N, Tochino Y, Funahashi T, et al. Increment and impairment of adiponectin in renal failure. Cardiovasc Res. 2010;86:471–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Dharnidharka VR, Kwon C, Stevens G. Serum cystatin C is superior to serum creatinine as a marker of kidney function: a meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40:221–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Shlipak MG, Sarnak MJ, Katz R, Fried LF, Seliger SL, Newman AB, et al. Cystatin C and the risk of death and cardiovascular events among elderly persons. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:2049–60.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ix JH, Shlipak MG, Chertow GM, Whooley MA. Association of cystatin C with mortality, cardiovascular events, and incident heart failure among persons with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study. Circulation. 2007;115:173–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. The Committee of Japan Diabetes Society on the diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus. Report of the Committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus. J Jpn Diabetes Soc. 2010;53:450–67 (article in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Japanese Society of Nephrology. Evidence-based practice guideline for the treatment of CKD. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2009;13:537–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Tanaka M, Matsuo K, Enomoto M, Mizuno K. A sol particle homogeneous immunoassay for measuring serum cystatin C. Clin Biochem. 2004;37:27–35.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Nishimura A, Sawai T. Determination of adiponectin in serum using a latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay with an automated analyzer. Clin Chim Acta. 2006;371:163–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Okamoto Y, Kihara S, Ouchi N, Nishida M, Arita Y, Kumada M, et al. Adiponectin reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Circulation. 2002;106:2767–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Baden MY, Obata Y, Hosakawa Y, Saisho K, Tamba S, Yamamoto K, et al. Effects of alcohol drinking and smoking habit on serum adiponectin level in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. J Metab Syndr (in press) (article in Japanese).

  24. Sharma K, Ramachandrarao S, Qiu G, Usui HK, Zhu Y, Dunn SR, et al. Adiponectin regulates albuminuria and podocyte function in mice. J Clin Invest. 2008;118:1645–56.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Tsioufis C, Dimitriadis K, Chatzis D, Vasiliadou C, Tousoulis D, Papademetriou V, et al. Relation of microalbuminuria to adiponectin and augmented C-reactive protein levels in men with essential hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:946–51.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. von Eynatten M, Liu D, Hock C, Oikonomou D, Baumann M, Allolio B, et al. Urinary adiponectin excretion: a novel marker for vascular damage in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2009;58:2093–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Tsuda S, Nakano S, Konishi K, Koya D. A lack of increase in high molecular weight-adiponectin in macroalbuminuric subjects with metabolic syndrome may exert renal and atherosclerotic risks. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2008;79:503–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Kato K, Osawa H, Ochi M, Kusunoki Y, Ebisui O, Ohno K, et al. Serum total and high molecular weight adiponectin levels are correlated with the severity of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008;68:442–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Krizer JR, Barzilay JI, Kuller LH, Gottdiener JS. Adiponectin and risk of coronary heart disease in older men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93:3357–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Corporation, which provided commercial kits for the measurement of serum adiponectin, but did not participate in the design and conduct of the study; research, analysis and interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. The company also did not provide any grants.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sumitomo Hospital, 5-3-20 Nakanoshima, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-0005, Japan

    Yoshiya Hosokawa, Yuya Yamada, Yoshinari Obata, Megu Yamaguchi Baden, Kenji Saisho, Arisa Ihara, Koji Yamamoto & Yuji Matsuzawa

  2. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Tokushima, Japan

    Kiyonori Katsuragi

Authors
  1. Yoshiya Hosokawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yuya Yamada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yoshinari Obata
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Megu Yamaguchi Baden
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Kenji Saisho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Arisa Ihara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Koji Yamamoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Kiyonori Katsuragi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Yuji Matsuzawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuya Yamada.

About this article

Cite this article

Hosokawa, Y., Yamada, Y., Obata, Y. et al. Relationship between serum cystatin C and serum adiponectin level in type 2 diabetic patients. Clin Exp Nephrol 16, 399–405 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-011-0571-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-011-0571-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation