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Oral health in predialysis patients with emphasis on diabetic nephropathy

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Abstract

We investigated oral health of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients at predialysis state. The hypothesis was that diabetic nephropathy affects oral health more detrimentally than other CKD patients due to the known risk diabetes presents in this regard. We expected worse oral health and particularly poor periodontal health among the diabetic patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, on 148 patients with different kinds of kidney disease at predialysis state. Data from medical records, clinical oral examination, saliva, and mucosal yeast counts were analyzed and compared between the disease groups. Of the patients, 53 (36%) had diabetic nephropathy (29 patients with type 1, 24 patients with type 2 diabetes). Compared with other CKD patients, diabetic patients had poor glycemic control as expected (mean HbA1C 8.0% vs 5.9%, p < 0.01). Diabetic patients also had more dental caries (mean number of carious teeth 5.1 vs 3.1, p < 0.01) and lower salivary flow rates than other CKD patients (stimulated salivary flow 1.2 ml/min vs 1.6 ml/min, p < 0.05). No difference between groups was observed in periodontal health and yeast counts. In conclusion, diabetic nephropathy patients indeed had worse dental health in comparison to CKD group. However, contrary to our expectation, diabetic nephropathy did not seem to affect periodontal health more severely than the other kidney diseases.

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Acknowledgment

The study was financially supported by EVO grant T120Y05 of the Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Conflict of interests

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital and Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Maarit Vesterinen, Hellevi Ruokonen, Jussi Furuholm & Jukka H. Meurman

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

    Eero Honkanen

  3. Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 41, 00014, Helsinki, Finland

    Maarit Vesterinen

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  1. Maarit Vesterinen
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  2. Hellevi Ruokonen
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  3. Jussi Furuholm
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  5. Jukka H. Meurman
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Correspondence to Maarit Vesterinen.

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Vesterinen, M., Ruokonen, H., Furuholm, J. et al. Oral health in predialysis patients with emphasis on diabetic nephropathy. Clin Oral Invest 15, 99–104 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-009-0360-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-009-0360-7

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