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Tumorvakzinierung

Auf dem Weg zur individualisierten Therapie

Tumor immunization

On the way to individualized treatment

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die aktive Immunisierung gegen maligne Erkrankungen hat in den letzten Jahren bahnbrechende Erfolge verzeichnet. Immer mehr definierte Zielantigene finden Einzug in klinische Studien, und mit Ipilimumab und Sipuleucel-T wurden die ersten beiden aktiven Immuntherapeutika zugelassen. Beide bedienen sich individueller Gegebenheiten des Patientenimmunsystems. Auch Vakzinierungsstudien untersuchen individualisierte Ansätze, die darauf abzielen, jeden Tumor möglichst gezielt therapeutisch angreifen zu können und dabei möglichst geringe autoinflammatorische Nebenwirkungen zu induzieren. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle therapeutische Ansätze wie die Vakzinierung mit autologen dendritischen Zellen, autologen oder allogenen Ganzzellvakzinen und die Möglichkeiten einer Vakzinierung mit definierten Tumorantigenen.

Abstract

Major breakthroughs in recent years have been made in the active immunization against cancer. Newly identified tumor-antigens have successfully been employed in clinical trials. Even more, ipilimumab and sipuleucel-T have been legally approved, thus, representing the first active substances for the immunotherapy of cancer. Both substances utilize individual properties of the patient’s tumor and immune system, leading to improvement of clinical outcomes. In addition, vaccine studies have evaluated individualized approaches in order to specifically target cancer while sparing normal tissue. This article provides an overview of recent therapeutic approaches like vaccination with autologous dendritic cells, autologous or allogeneic whole cell vaccines or application of defined tumor-associated antigens.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehung(en) hin: SPH gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. HGR ist Mitbegründer und Mitglied des Scientific Advisory Board der Immuntherapiefirmen Immatics und CureVac. PB ist Mitbegründer der Immuntherapiefirma Immatics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung II für Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie, Rheumatologie und Pulmologie, Medizinische Universitätsklinik Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland

    S.P. Haen

  2. Abteilung Immunologie, Interfakultäres Institut für Zellbiologie, Tübingen, Deutschland

    S.P. Haen & H.-G. Rammensee

  3. Medizinische Universitätsklinik III für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Bonn, Deutschland

    P. Brossart

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  1. S.P. Haen
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Correspondence to S.P. Haen.

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Haen, S., Brossart, P. & Rammensee, HG. Tumorvakzinierung. Onkologe 18, 795–800 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-012-2259-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-012-2259-1

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