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Epigenetik in der Onkologie

Von Gen-Umwelt Interaktionen zu neuen Medikamenten

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Wiener klinisches Magazin Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Epigenetik befasst sich mit vererbbaren Chromatinstrukturen und Genexpressionsmustern, die nicht auf Alterationen im Genom selbst beruhen. Epigenetische Prozesse steuern dabei die Entstehung der über 200 unterschiedlichen Zelltypen im menschlichen Körper, welche alle idente genetische Information tragen. Dieselben Vorgänge tragen zur Initiierung und zum Verlauf von Krebserkrankungen bei, auch wenn solche immer mit Veränderungen der DNA Sequenz verbunden sind. Wir beschreiben das Wechselspiel zwischen Genetik und Epigenetik und zeigen, dass Veränderungen in der Chromatinstruktur und Genexpression Ursache, Mediator und Konsequenz von genomischen Instabilitäten sein können. Chromatinmodifizierende Enzyme sind demnach potentielle Targets für die Entwicklung neuer Therapeutika. Substanzen für zwei Enzymklassen ­ HistonDeacetylasen und DNAMethyltransferasen ­ sind bereits in der Onkologie zugelassen und eine Vielzahl neuer Wirkstoffe ist momentan in präklinischer und klinischer Entwicklung.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14/AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Wien, Deutschland

    Stefan Kubicek,  Erika Schirghuber,  Freya Klepsch,  Jacques Colinge &  Stefan Kubicek

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  1. Stefan Kubicek
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  2. Erika Schirghuber
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  3. Freya Klepsch
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  4. Jacques Colinge
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  5. Stefan Kubicek
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Correspondence to Stefan Kubicek.

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Kubicek, S., Schirghuber, E., Klepsch, F. et al. Epigenetik in der Onkologie. Wien klin Mag 15, 10–18 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00740-012-0059-2

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