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A comparison of the pathogenicity of avian and swine H5N1 influenza viruses in Indonesia

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Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses are circulating in many countries. We recently discovered that these viruses have been transmitted to pigs on multiple occasions in Indonesia. To investigate whether avian H5N1 influenza viruses adapted to mammals through their introduction into pigs, we examined the growth of avian and swine isolates in cell culture and compared their pathogenicity in mice. We found that swine isolates were less virulent to mice than avian isolates, suggesting that the viruses became attenuated during their replication in pigs. Continuous surveillance of H5N1 viruses among pigs is clearly warranted.

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Fig. 1

Abbreviations

HA:

Hemagglutinin

MDCK:

Madin–Darby canine kidney

EID50 :

50% Egg infective dose

TCID50 :

50% Tissue culture infective dose

MLD50 :

50% Mouse lethal dose

Ck:

Chicken

Dk:

Duck

Fl:

Feline

Qa:

Quail

IDN:

Indonesia

Sw:

Swine

PB2:

Polymerase basic protein 2

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Acknowledgments

We thank Susan Watson for editing the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant-in-aid for Specially Promoted Research and by a contract research fund for the Program of Funding Research Centers for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases from the Ministries of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and by grants-in-aid of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan, by ERATO (Japan Science and Technology Agency), and by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Public Health Service research grants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan

    Ryo Takano, Maki Kiso, Yukiko Muramoto, Shinya Yamada, Yuko Sakai-Tagawa & Yoshihiro Kawaoka

  2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia

    Chairul A. Nidom

  3. Collaborating Research Center Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Tropical Disease Centre, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia

    Chairul A. Nidom

  4. International Centre for Medical Research and Treatment, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Chuo-ku, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan

    Kyoko Shinya & Yoshihiro Kawaoka

  5. International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan

    Yoshihiro Kawaoka

  6. Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Yoshihiro Kawaoka

Authors
  1. Ryo Takano
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  2. Chairul A. Nidom
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  3. Maki Kiso
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  4. Yukiko Muramoto
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  5. Shinya Yamada
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  6. Kyoko Shinya
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  7. Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
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  8. Yoshihiro Kawaoka
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoshihiro Kawaoka.

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Takano, R., Nidom, C.A., Kiso, M. et al. A comparison of the pathogenicity of avian and swine H5N1 influenza viruses in Indonesia. Arch Virol 154, 677–681 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-009-0353-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-009-0353-5

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