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The preconditioning pulmonary protective effect of volatile isoflurane in acute lung injury is mediated by activation of endogenous iNOS

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Abstract

Purpose

There is still a lack of evidence to support the use of specific anesthetic agents during major operations that could affect the development of postoperative acute lung injury (ALI). This study determined the protective effect of inhaled isoflurane in a rat model of endotoxin-induced ALI.

Methods

Rats were exposed to volatile isoflurane (1.5 % in oxygen) or pure oxygen via a facemask for 2 h. After a 3-h recovery period, rats were reanesthetized and ALI was induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/kg in 0.5 ml saline). In some animals, a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, 1400W, (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered before exposure to isoflurane. Animals were sacrificed 12 h later for analysis. Pulmonary artery vasomotor function and alveolocapillary permeability were assessed. Expression of iNOS and CD11b, and activity of myeloperoxidase in the lung were analyzed.

Results

The maximal relaxation response to acetylcholine was significantly potentiated in rats pretreated with isoflurane. Lung wet-to-dry ratio was reduced in the lung of isoflurane-treated animals. Expression of iNOS and CD11b were attenuated in the lung tissue obtained from rats receiving isoflurane. Furthermore, enzymatic activity of myeloperoxidase was also reduced in the lung preexposed to isoflurane. However, these pulmonary protective effects of isoflurane were significantly abolished by pretreatment with 1400W.

Conclusion

Pretreatment with volatile isoflurane attenuated inflammatory process in the lung tissue of rats with LPS-induced ALI, and this preconditioning pulmonary protective effect was mainly mediated by activation of endogenous iNOS in the lung.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by research grants from the National Science Council, Taiwan (grant number NSC 100-2314-B-006-010 to Professor Tsai YC) and the Multidisciplinary Center of Excellence for Clinical Trial and Research (DOH101-TD-B-111-102), Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan

    Yu-Li Pang, Sheng-Ping Li, Chien-Chi Huang, Shih-Wei Chang, Chen-Fuh Lam & Yu-Chuan Tsai

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan

    Bing-Shuo Chen

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  1. Yu-Li Pang
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  2. Bing-Shuo Chen
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  3. Sheng-Ping Li
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chen-Fuh Lam.

Additional information

Y.-L. Pang and B.-S. Chen contributed equally in this research work.

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Pang, YL., Chen, BS., Li, SP. et al. The preconditioning pulmonary protective effect of volatile isoflurane in acute lung injury is mediated by activation of endogenous iNOS. J Anesth 26, 822–828 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-012-1456-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-012-1456-9

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