Abstract
Purpose
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is associated with weight loss before, during, and after treatment with radiotherapy (RT). This systematic review addressed the question “Which interventions aimed at optimizing nutrition are of benefit to HNSCC patients receiving RT?”
Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying interventions directed at nutritional support of adult patients with HNSCC receiving RT with or without chemotherapy were eligible. RCTs studying prophylaxis of acute mucositis, perioperative nutrition, or palliative and non-HNSCC populations were excluded. A comprehensive literature search was done and meta-analyses planned.
Results
Ten unique RCTs were identified (n = 585). All randomized less than 50 patients per trial arm. Five trials studied dietary counseling and/or nutritional supplements, four studied drug interventions, and one studied prophylactic enteral tube feeding. Nutritional status appeared to be maintained or improved with dietary counseling, megestrol acetate, and prophylactic enteral tube feeding.
Conclusions
Data from RCTs supporting the use of interventions to optimize nutrition in HNSCC patients receiving RT are limited in both quantity and quality. Potentially effective interventions have not been tested comparatively or in combination, and few patients receiving chemoradiotherapy were studied. Further research in this area is a priority.
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Acknowledgements
Dr. Garg was supported by the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Summer Research Training Program. The authors wish to thank Ms. Jessica McEwan for assistance with literature searching and retrieval of trial reports; and Dr. Elizabeth Isenring, Dr. Richard McQuellon, and Dr. Edward Shaw for providing supplemental information about their clinical trials.
Conflict of interest
The authors have no financial or other relationships with entities that have an investment, licensing, or other commercial interest in the subject matter of this manuscript.
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Garg, S., Yoo, J. & Winquist, E. Nutritional support for head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 18, 667–677 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-009-0686-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-009-0686-3