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Effect of epigenetic regulation during swine embryogenesis and on cloning by nuclear transfer

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Abstract

Swine play important roles as models of human disease. A combination of genetic modification with somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) holds the promise of uncovering the pathogenesis of human diseases and then of developing therapeutic protocols. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) of nuclear remodeling (a change in the structure of the nucleus) and reprogramming (a change in the transcriptional profile) during SCNT remains unclear. Incomplete remodeling is thought to cause lower cloning efficiency and abnormalities in cloned embryos and offspring. Here, we review the epigenetic regulatory and remodeling events that occur during preimplantation development of embryos derived from fertilization or SCNT, with a focus on DNA methylation and histone modifications. The discussion ends with a description of attempts at assisted remodeling of the donor somatic cell nucleus and the SCNT embryo.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Rocio M. Rivera and Ryan A. Cabot for their helpful suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Jianguo Zhao & Randall S. Prather

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Jeffrey Whyte

  3. Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA

    Randall S. Prather

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  1. Jianguo Zhao
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  2. Jeffrey Whyte
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  3. Randall S. Prather
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Correspondence to Randall S. Prather.

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The authors acknowledge funding, during the writing of this review, from Food for the 21st Century and from the National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources (RR13438, RR18877).

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Zhao, J., Whyte, J. & Prather, R.S. Effect of epigenetic regulation during swine embryogenesis and on cloning by nuclear transfer. Cell Tissue Res 341, 13–21 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-010-1000-x

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