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Evaluation of botanical extracts against Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann and Hippobosca maculata Leach

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Abstract

In the current study, in vitro evaluation of crude hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol extracts of Anisomeles malabarica (L.) R. Br., Gloriosa superba L., Psidium guajava L., Ricinus communis L., and Solanum trilobatum L. exhibited acaricidal and insecticidal activities against the adult of Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann (Acarina: Ixodidae) and hematophagous fly Hippobosca maculata Leach (Diptera: Hippoboscidae). All plant extracts showed moderate toxic effect on parasites after 24 h of exposure; the complete inhibition (100%) at the maximum concentration tested (3,000 ppm) was obtained in acetone, methanol, hexane, and chloroform extracts of A. malabarica; methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of G. superba; acetone extract of P. guajava; methanol extract of R. communis; and leaf hexane extract of S. trilobatum; and the lowest inhibition (38%) was recorded for the seed hexane extract of S. trilobatum. The highest parasite dead was found in leaf acetone and methanol extracts of A. malabarica, seed methanol of G. superba, leaf methanol of R. communis against H. bispinosa (LC50 = 466.15, 719.78, 476.06, and 243.87 ppm; LC90 = 1,837.96, 2,014.47, 1,904.36, and 2,692.15 ppm), leaf hexane and chloroform extracts of A. malabarica, seed chloroform and ethyl acetate of G. superba, leaf acetone of P. guajava, leaf methanol of R. communis, and leaf hexane extract of S. trilobatum against H. maculata (LC50 = 495.61, 414.81, 360.02, 479.37, 646.30, 506.13, and 432.77 ppm; LC90 = 1,914.84, 1,956.59, 1,598.54, 1,636.41, 2,192.73, 1,982.66, and 1,872.33 ppm), respectively. These results suggest that the leaf methanol of R. communis, chloroform extracts of A. malabarica, and chloroform extract of G. superba have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the H. bispinosa and H. maculata. Therefore, this study provides first report on the parasitic activities of plant extracts from Southern India.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to C. Abdul Hakeem College Management, Dr. S. Mohammed Yousuff, Principal, and Dr. K. Abdul Subhan, HOD of Zoology Department for their help and suggestion. The authors wish to thank Dr. A. Sangaran, Department of Parasitology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India for identification of parasites.

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  1. Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C.Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, 632 509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India

    Abdul Abduz Zahir, Abdul Abdul Rahuman, Asokan Bagavan, Thirunavukkarasu Santhoshkumar, Razack Rafi Mohamed, Chinnaperumal Kamaraj, Govindasamy Rajakumar, Gandhi Elango, Chidambaram Jayaseelan & Sampath Marimuthu

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  1. Abdul Abduz Zahir
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  2. Abdul Abdul Rahuman
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Correspondence to Abdul Abdul Rahuman.

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Zahir, A.A., Rahuman, A.A., Bagavan, A. et al. Evaluation of botanical extracts against Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann and Hippobosca maculata Leach. Parasitol Res 107, 585–592 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-1898-7

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