Skip to main content
Log in

The DSM-V initiative “deconstructing psychosis” in the context of Kraepelin’s concept on nosology

  • POINTS OF VIEW/FORMULATION
  • Published:
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The revision process of the international psychiatric classification systems has started and is expected to result in new versions of the International Classification of Disorders (then ICD-11) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (then DSM-V) in approximately 2014 and 2012, respectively. In the process of developing DSM-V, several research conferences jointly sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, the National Institutes of Health, and the World Health Organization, are currently taking place. We will here focus on the impact that the DSM-V initiative “Deconstructing Psychosis” will have on the future of diagnosing a psychotic state, and how this may be viewed from a European context of Kraepelin’s nosology of psychiatric disorders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Allardyce J, Gaebel W, Zielasek J, Van Os J (2007) Deconstructing psychosis conference February 2006: the validity of schizophrenia and alternative approaches to the classification of psychosis. Schizophr Bull 33:863–867

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Andreasen NC (2007) DSM and the death of phenomenology in America: an example of unintended consequences. Schizophr Bull 33:108–112

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Benes FM (2007) Searching for unique endophenotypes for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder within neural circuits and their molecular regulatory mechanisms. Schizophr Bull, 33:932–936

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bentall P (2006) Madness explained. Why we must reject the Kraepelinian paradigm and replace it with a “complaint-orientated” approach to understanding mental illness. Med Hypotheses 66:220–233

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Brase CL (2002) Mental modularity, metaphors, and the marriage of evolutionary and cognitive sciences. Cogn Process 3–4:3–17

    Google Scholar 

  6. Craddock N, Owen MJ (2005) The beginning of the end for the Kraepelinian dichotomy. Br J Psychiatry 186:364–366

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Craddock N, Owen MJ (2007) Rethinking psychosis: the disadvantages of a dichotomous classification now outweigh the advantages. World Psychiatry 6:20–27

    Google Scholar 

  8. Duchaine B, Cosmides L, Tooby J (2001) Evolutionary psychology and the brain. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11:225–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Dutta R, Greene T, Addington J, McKenzie K, Phillips M, Murray RM (2007) Biological, life course, and cross-cultural studies all point toward the value of dimensional and developmental ratings in the classification of psychosis. Schizophr Bull, 33:868–876

    Google Scholar 

  10. First MB (2006) Deconstructing psychosis. Online document at http://dsm5.org/conference5.cfm; last accessed July 1, 2007

  11. First MB, Pincus HA, Levone JB, Williams JBW, Üstün B, Peele R (2004) Clinical utility as a criterion for revising psychiatric diagnoses. Am J Psychiatry 161:946–954

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Fodor J (1983) The modularity of mind. MIT Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  13. Freedman R (2007) Neuronal dysfunction and schizophrenia symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 164:385–390

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Gaebel W, Wölwer W, Zielasek J (2006) From descriptive to functional psychopathology: on the way towards a modular psychiatry. Die Psychiatrie 3:221–232

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ginsburg BE, Werick TM, Escobar JI, Kugelmass S, Treaner JJ, Wendtland L (1996) Molecular genetics of psychopathologies: a search for simple answers to complex problems. Behav Genet 26:325–333

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Go RC, Perry RT, Wiener H, Bassett SS, Blacker D, Devlin B, Sweet RA (2005) Neuregulin-1 polymorphism in late onset Alzheimer’s disease families with psychoses. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 139:28–32

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gur RE, Keshavan MS and Lawrie SM (2007) Deconstructing psychosis with human brain imaging. Schizophr Bull, 33:921–931

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hallmayer JF, Kalaydjieva L, Badcock J, Dragovic M, Howell S, Michie PT, Rock D, Vile D, Williams R, Corder EH, Hollingsworth K, Jablensky A (2005) Genetic evidence for a distinct subtype of schizophrenia characterized by pervasive cognitive deficit. Am J Hum Genet 77:468–476

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hoff P (1988) Nosologische Grundpostulate bei Kraepelin. Z Klin Psychol Psychopathol Psychother 36:328–336

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Jablensky A (1999) The nature of psychiatric classification: issues beyond ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 33:137–144

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Jablensky A (2004) Resolving schizophrenia’s CATCH22. Nat Genet 36:674–675

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Jablensky A (2005) Categories, dimensions and prototypes: critical issues for psychiatric classification. Psychopathology 38:201–205

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Keefe RSE, Fenton WS (2007) How should DSM-V criteria for schizophrenia include cognitive impairment? Schizophr Bull, 33:912–920

    Google Scholar 

  24. Kendler KS (2006) Reflections on the relationship between psychiatric genetics and psychiatric nosology. Am J Psychiatry 163:1138–1146

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Kraepelin E (1920) Die Erscheinungsformen des Irreseins. Z Ges Neurol Psychiatr 62:1–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Kupfer DJ, First MB, Regier DA (eds) (2002) A research agenda for DSM-V. American Psychiatric Association, Washington

  27. Levin T (2006) Schizophrenia should be renamed to help educate patients and the public. Int J Soc Psychiatry 52:324–331

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. McGorry PD (2007) Issues for DSM-V: clinical staging: a heuristic pathway to valid nosology and safer, more effective treatment in psychiatry. Am J Psychiatry 164:859–860

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Murphy D, Stich S (2000) Darwin in the madhouse: evolutionary psychology and the classification of mental disorders. In: Carruthers P, Chamberlain A (eds) Evolution and the human mind. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 62–92

    Google Scholar 

  30. Owen MJ, Craddock N, Jablensky A (2007) The genetic deconstruction of psychosis. Schizophr Bull, 33:905–911

    Google Scholar 

  31. Peralta V, Cuesta MJ (2003) The diagnosis of schizophrenia: Old wine in new bottles. Int J Psychol Psychol Ther 3:141–152

    Google Scholar 

  32. Phillips ML, Vieta E (2007) Identifying functional neuroimaging biomarkers of bipolar disorders: toward DSM-V. Schizophr Bull, 33:893–904

    Google Scholar 

  33. Regier DA (2007) Time for a fresh start? Rethinking psychosis in DSM-V. Schizophr Bull, 33:843–845

    Google Scholar 

  34. Regier DA, Sirovatka P, Rubio-Stipec M, Narrow WE (2007) The future of psychiatric diagnosis: the APA/WHO/NIH research planning process for DSM and ICD. Die Psychiatrie 4:98–104

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ross CA, Margolis RL, Reading SA, Pletnikov M, Coyle JT (2006) Neurobiology of schizophrenia. Neuron 52:139–153

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Saraceno B, Saxena S (2007) Issues around work on the classification of mental and behavioural disorders in world health organization. Die Psychiatrie 4:86–91

    Google Scholar 

  37. Sartorius N (2007) Zukunftsperspektiven der Klassifikation psychischer Störungen. Die Psychiatrie 4:75–76

    Google Scholar 

  38. Sato M (2006) Renaming schizophrenia: a Japanese perspective. World Psychiatry 5:53–55

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Schneider K (1959) Clinical pathology. Translated by Hamilton MW. Grune & Stratton, New York

    Google Scholar 

  40. Thaker GK (2007) Endophenotypic studies in schizophrenia: promise and challenges. Schizophr Bull 33:1–2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Tsuang MT, Stone WS, Faraone SV (2000) Toward reformulating the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 157:1041–1050

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Üstün TB, Jakob R (2007) The development of the 11th revision of the ICD: trends and challenges. Die Psychiatrie 4:77–85

    Google Scholar 

  43. Wölwer W, Frommann N, Halfmann S, Piaszek A, Streit M, Gaebel W (2005) Remediations of impairments in facial affect recognition in schizophrenia: efficacy and specificity of a new training program. Schizophr Res 80:295–303

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Zacher P, Kandler KS (2007) Psychiatric disorders: a conceptual taxonomy. Am J Psychiatry 164:557–565

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Disclosure

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wolfgang Gaebel.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gaebel, W., Zielasek, J. The DSM-V initiative “deconstructing psychosis” in the context of Kraepelin’s concept on nosology. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosc 258 (Suppl 2), 41–47 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-008-2009-y

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-008-2009-y

Key words

Navigation