Zusammenfassung
Trotz ärztlicher Kompetenz und Sorgfalt treten inadäquate Verordnungen auf. Erfahrungen in anderen Ländern zeigen, dass diese Medikationsfehler großteils vermeidbar sind, wenn ihre Ursachen nicht in persönlichem Verschulden, sondern in der Organisation des Medikationsprozesses gesucht werden. Da Multimorbidität und eingeschränkte Nierenfunktion mit dem Risiko vermeidbarer unerwünschter Arzneimittelereignisse korrelieren, sind ältere Patienten besonders betroffen. Die Verordnung altersinadäquater Medikation erhöht nicht nur das Risiko stationärer Aufnahme, sondern auch das Risiko zu versterben signifikant. Für elektronische Verordnungsunterstützung ist gezeigt, dass sie die Häufigkeit von Medikationsfehlern reduziert und Kosten senkt. Die Einführung der elektronischen Gesundheitskarte in Deutschland bietet die Voraussetzung, die Patientensicherheit bei medikamentöser Therapie bei älteren Patienten zu verbessern. Die hierzu erforderlichen Rahmenbedingungen werden dargestellt und diskutiert.
Summary
Drug therapy has led to major advances in medicine. The beneficial effects of drug therapy are coupled with the inevitable risk of adverse drug reactions especially in elderly patients. Many adverse drug reactions are preventable. The electronic health card that will be introduced in Germany starting in 2006 is designed to support electronic decision support to prevent medication errors. Studies have demonstrated that CPOES can reduce medication errors by 80%. The necessary steps to improve medication safety in Germany are outlined and discussed.
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Grandt, D., Braun, C. & Häuser, W. Häufigkeit, Relevanz, Ursachen und Strategien zur Vermeidung von Medikationsfehlern. Z Gerontol Geriatr 38, 196–202 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-005-0311-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-005-0311-0
Schlüsselwörter
- Medikationsfehler
- unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen
- elektronische Verordnungsunterstützung
- elektronische Gesundheitskarte