Abstract
Archaeobotanical studies were undertaken at the Yuergou site, which is located in the Turpan basin in Xinjiang, China, and which has been dated to around 2300–2400 years b.p. Altogether 21 taxa were identified. Four cereal remains were identified, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare var. coeleste, Panicum miliaceum and Setaria italica. The first three were probably cultivated while the last one may not have been grown deliberately, but probably grew together with plants of P. miliaceum. A fruit stone of Ziziphus jujuba (Chinese date) was discovered, which showed that this may have been cultivated around the site during that time. Charcoal of Picea sp. was found, from wood which must have been used as fuel by the indigenous people. Fifteen taxa of wild plants were also identified, most of which can be considered as weeds, and which grew near the site. Burs of Xanthium strumarium were discovered. As nearly all of them were broken, the seeds may have been used by the ancient inhabitants. Since most of the cereal remains consisted of chaff, they must represent by-products. Furthermore, grains of Echinochloa crus-galli may also have been exploited as complementary food resources. All the above indicate that both cultivated and wild plants were used for cereals, fuel, or other purposes, and plant resources played important roles in the daily life of the ancient inhabitants of the Yuergou site.
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Acknowledgements
We are greatly indebted to the editor and the two anonymous reviewers for their critical revision of an earlier version of this manuscript. We would like to thank Enguo Lü for his help during field work in Turpan. Thanks are also due to Chengzhong Han for his many constructive suggestions. This study was supported by the program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41102114), as well as the “Strategic Priority Research Program–Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues’’ of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA05130501).
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Jiang, H., Wu, Y., Wang, H. et al. Ancient plant use at the site of Yuergou, Xinjiang, China: implications from desiccated and charred plant remains. Veget Hist Archaeobot 22, 129–140 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-012-0365-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-012-0365-z