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In-hospital Death following Inpatient Surgical Procedures in the United States, 1996–2006

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Abstract

Background

Over the past decade, improvements in perioperative care have been widely introduced throughout the United States, yet there is no clear indication that the death rate following surgery has improved. We sought to evaluate the number of deaths after surgery in the United States over a 10-year period and to evaluate trends in postoperative mortality.

Methods

Using the National Hospital Discharge Survey, we identified patients who underwent a surgical procedure and subsequently died in the hospital within 30 days of admission.

Results

In 1996 there were 12,250,000 hospitalizations involving surgery, rising to 13,668,000 in 2006. Postoperative deaths, however, declined during this same period, from 201,000 to 156,000 (P < 0.01), giving a postoperative in-hospital death ratio (death per hospitalization) of 1.64 and 1.14% (P < 0.001), respectively, for the two time frames.

Conclusions

The death rate following surgery is substantial but appears to have improved. Such mortality statistics provide an essential measure of the public health impact of surgical care. Incorporating mortality statistics following therapeutic intervention is an essential strategy for regional and national surveillance of care delivery.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Angela Bader from the Harvard School of Public Health and Sandra Decker and Jennifer Madans from the National Center for Health Statistics for their help and insightful feedback during preparation of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Correspondence to Atul A. Gawande.

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Weiser, T.G., Semel, M.E., Simon, A.E. et al. In-hospital Death following Inpatient Surgical Procedures in the United States, 1996–2006. World J Surg 35, 1950–1956 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-011-1169-5

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