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Genetics-squared: combining host and pathogen genetics in the analysis of innate immunity and bacterial virulence

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Abstract

The interaction of bacterial pathogens with their hosts’ innate immune systems can be extremely complex and is often difficult to disentangle experimentally. Using mouse models of bacterial infections, several laboratories have successfully applied genetic approaches to identify novel host genes required for innate immune defense. In addition, a variety of creative bacterial genetic schemes have been developed to identify key bacterial genes involved in triggering or evading host immunity. In cases where both the host and pathogen are amenable to genetic manipulation, a combination of host and pathogen genetic approaches can be used. Focusing on bacterial infections of mice, this review summarizes the benefits and limitations of applying genetic analysis to the study of host–pathogen interactions. In particular, we consider how prokaryotic and eukaryotic genetic strategies can be combined, or “squared,” to yield new insights in host–pathogen biology.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to acknowledge stimulating discussions with Greg Barton, Zeke Bernstein-Hanley, Victor Boyartchuk, Sky Brubaker, Jörn Coers, Bill Dietrich, Joan Mecsas, Jeff Miller, Jeff Murry, Carl Nathan, Dan Portnoy, and Jun Zhu.

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  1. 415 Life Science Addition, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Jenny Persson & Russell E. Vance

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  1. Jenny Persson
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Correspondence to Russell E. Vance.

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Persson, J., Vance, R.E. Genetics-squared: combining host and pathogen genetics in the analysis of innate immunity and bacterial virulence. Immunogenetics 59, 761–778 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-007-0248-0

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