Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the high diversity associated with the Norfolk seamounts (Southwest Pacific) could reflect endemism resulting from limited dispersal due to hydrological phenomena. Crustaceans of the family Galatheidae are thoroughly studied in the New Caledonia economic zone permitting the analysis of species distribution pattern between the New Caledonia slope and Norfolk ridge seamounts. This analysis has shown that, qualitatively, the same species are sampled on seamounts and on the New Caledonia slope. Local endemism was never detected. However, on each seamount, and therefore on a small surface, a very high number of species are usually sampled, suggesting that seamounts are biodiversity hot spots. Then, to evaluate whether the seamounts constitute patches of isolated habitat, we explore the pattern of genetic diversity within several species of crustaceans and gastropods. Analysis of the intra-specific genetic structure using the mitochondrial marker COI reveals that populations of two Galatheidae species (Munida thoe and Munida zebra), polymorphic for this marker, are genetically not structured, both among seamounts and between the seamounts and the island slope. The genetic structure over a similar sampling scheme of two Eumunida species (Chirostylidae, the sister family of Galatheidae) and a planktotrophic gastropod (Sassia remensa) reveals a similar pattern. Population structure is observed only in Nassaria problematica, a non-planktotrophic gastropod with limited larvae dispersal. Thus, the limitation of gene flow between seamounts appears to be observed only for species with limited dispersal abilities. Our results suggest that the Norfolk seamounts rather than functioning as areas of endemism, instead, may be highly productive zones that can support numerous species in small areas.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aboim MA (2005) Population genetics and evolutionary history of some deep-sea demersal fishes from the Azores - North Atlantic. University of Southampton, Faculty of Enginering Science and Mathematics, School of Ocean and Earth Science, PhD Thesis, 167 pp
Aboim MA, Menezes GM, Schlitt T, Rogers AD (2005) Genetic structure and history of populations of the deep-sea fish Helicolenus dactylopterus (Delaroche, 1809) inferred from mtDNA sequence analysis. Mol Ecol 14:1343–1354
Baba K (2004) Uroptychodes, new genus of Chirostylidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura), with description of three new species. Sci Mar 68:97–116
Baba K (2005) Deep-sea chirostylid and galatheid crustaceans (Decapoda: Anomura) from the Indo-Pacific, with a list of species. Galathea Rep 20:1–317
Baba K, Saint-Laurent M de (1996) Crustacea Decapoda: rev on of the genus Bathymunida Balss, 1914, and description of six new related genera (Galatheidae). Mém Mus Nat Hist Nat 168:433–502
Barton NH (1998) Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands. In: Grant PR (ed) Evolution on islands. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 102–123
Boehlert GW, Mundy BC (1993) Ichtyoplancton assemblages at seamounts and oceanic islands. Bull Mar Sci 53:336–361
Boisselier-Dubayle MC, Gofas S (1999) Genetic relationships between marine and marginal-marine populations of Cerithium species from the Mediterranean Sea. Mar Biol 135:671–682
Collin R (2001) The effects of mode of development on phylogeography and population structure of North Atlantic Crepidula (Gastropoda: Calyptraeidae). Mol Ecol 10:2249–2262
Colwell RK (2005) EstimateS: Statistical estimation of species richness and shared species from samples. Version 7.5. User’s guide and application published at: http://www.purl.oclc.org/estimates
Colwell RK, Coddington JA (1994) Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Phil Trans Roy Soc (B) 345:101–118
Creasey S, Rogers AD (1999) Population genetics of bathyal and abyssal organisms. Adv Mar Biol 35:3–151
Dijkstra HH, Gofas S (2004) Pectinoidea (Bivalvia: Propeamussiidae and Pectinidae) from some northeastern Atlantic seamounts. Sarsia 89(1):33–78
Excoffier L, Smouse PE, Quattro JM (1992) Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data. Genetics 131:479–491
Flowers JM, Schroeter SC, Burton RS (2002) The recruitment sweepstakes has many winners: genetic evidence from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Evolution 56:1445–1453
Fock H, Uiblein F, Koester F, von Westernhagen H (2002) Biodiversity and species-environment relationships of the demersal fish assemblage at the Great Meteor Seamount (subtropical NE Atlantic), sampled by different trawls. Mar Biol 141:185–199
Folmer O, Black M, Hoen W, Lutz R, Vrijenhoek R (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol 3:294–299
Fratini S, Vannini M (2002) Genetic differentiation in the mud crab Scylla serrata (Decapoda: Portunidae) within the Indian Ocean. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 272:103–116
Genin A (2004) Bio-physical coupling in the formation of zooplankton and fish aggregations over abrupt topographies. J Mar Syst 50:3–20
Gofas S (2000) Four species of the family Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda) from the North Atlantic seamounts. J Conchol 37:7–16
Gofas S, Beu A (2002) Tonnoidean gastropods of the North Atlantic seamounts and the Azores. Amer Malacol Bull 17:91–108
Hassanin A, Lecointre G, Tillier S (1998) The ‘evolutionary signal’ of homoplasy in protein-coding gene sequences and its consequences for a priori weighting in phylogeny. Evolution 321:611–620
Hedgecock D (1994) Does variance in reproductive success limit effective population sizes of marine organisms? In: Beaumont AR (ed) Genetics and evolution of aquatic organisms. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 122–134
Heinz P, Ruepp D, Hemleben C (2004) Benthic foraminifera assemblages at Great Meteor Seamount. Mar Biol 144:985–998
Koslow JA, Gowlett-Holmes K, Lowry J, O’Hara T, Poore G, Williams A (2001) The seamount benthic macrofauna off southern Tasmania: community structure and impacts of trawling. Mar Ecol Progr Ser 213:111–125
Kyle CJ, Boulding EG (2000) Comparative population genetic structure of marine gastropods (Littorina spp.) with and without pelagic larval dispersal. Mar Biol 137:835–845
Machordom A, Macpherson E (2004) Rapid radiation and cryptic speciation in galatheid crabs of the genus Munida and related genera in the South West Pacific: molecular and morphological evidence. Mol Phyl Evol 33:259–279
Macpherson E (1993) Crustacea Decapoda: Species of the genus Paramunida Baba, 1988 (Galatheidae) from the Philippines, Indonesia and New Caledonia. Mém Mus Nat Hist Nat 156:443–473
Macpherson E (1994) Crustacea Decapoda: Studies on the genus Munida Leach, 1820 (Galatheidae) in New Caledonian and adjacent waters with descriptions of 56 new species. Mém Mus Nat Hist Nat 161:421–569
Macpherson E, Machordom A (2005) Description of three sibling new species of the genus Munida Leach, 1820 (Decapoda, Galatheidae) from New Caledonia using morphological and molecular data. J Nat Hist 39:819–834
Mantel N (1967) The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Res 27:209–220
Miyazaki JI, Shintaku M, Kyuno A, Fujiwara Y, Hashinoto J, Iwasaki H (2004) Phylogenetic relationships of deep-sea mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia: Mythilidae). Mar Biol 144:527–535
Morrison CL, Harvey AW, Lavery S, Tieu K, Huang Y, Cunningham CW (2002) Mitochondrial gene rearrangement confirm the parallel evolution of the crab-like form. Proc R Soc London B Biol Sci 269:345–350
Mullineaux LS, Mills SW (1996) A test of the larval retention hypothesis in semount-generated flows. Deep Sea Res I 44:745–770
Nei M (1987) Molecular evolutionary genetics. Columbia University Press, New York
Parker T, Tunnicliffe V (1994) Dispersal strategies of the biota on an oceanic seamount: implications for ecology and biogeography. Biol Bull 187:336–345
Richer de Forges B, Koslow JA, Poore GC (2000) Diversity and endemism of the benthic seamount fauna in the southwest Pacific. Nature 405:944–947
Richer de Forges B, Chauvin C (2005) Indo-Pacific deep-sea fauna: species richness and vulnerability of seamount fauna. Assises de la Recherche Française dans le Pacifique 24–27 Août 2004, 37–38 (Abstract)
Roberts CM (2002) Deep impact: the rising toll of fishing in the deep sea. TREE 17:242–245
Roden GI (1987) Effects of seamounts and seamount chains on oceanic circulation and thermocline structure. In: Keating BH et al. (eds) Seamounts, islands and atolls, Geophysical Monographs Ser 43. AGU, Washington DC pp 335–354
Rogers AD (1994) The biology of seamounts. Adv Mar Biol 30:305–350
Saint Laurent M de, Macpherson E (1990) Crustacea Decapoda: Le genre Eumunida (Chirostylidae) dans les eaux néo-calédoniennes. Mém Mus Nat Hist Nat 145:227–288
Sanger F, Nicklen S, Coulson AR (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74:5463–5467
Schneider S, Dueffer JM, Roessli D, Excoffier L (2000) Arlequin ver 2.0: A software for population genetics data analysis. Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, University of Geneva, Switzerland. URL: http://www.anthropologie.unige.ch/arlequin
Smith PJ, McVeagh SM, Mingoia JT, France SC (2004) Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in deep-sea bamboo coral (Keratoisidinae) species in the southwest and northwest Pacific Ocean. Mar Biol 144:253–261
Swofford DL (1993) PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign
Tajima F (1983) Evolutionary relationship of DNA sequences in finite populations. Genetics 105:437–460
Tajima F (1989) Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics 123:585–595
Tamura K, Nei M (1993) Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol Biol Evol 10:512–526
Todd CD, Lambert WJ, Thorpe JP (1998) The genetic structure of intertidal populations of two species of nudibranch molluscs with planktotrophic and pelagic lecithotrophic larval stages: are pelagic larvae “for” dispersal? J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 228:1–28
Turner TF, Richardson LR, Gold JR (1999) Temporal genetic variation of mtDNA and effective female population size of red drum in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Mol Ecol 8:1223–1230
Weir BS, Cockerham CC (1984) Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution 38:1358–1370
Won Y, Young CR, Lutz RA, Vrijenhoek RC (2003) Dispersal barriers and isolation among deep-sea mussel populations (Mytilidae: Bathymodiolus) from eastern Pacific hydrothermal vents. Mol Ecol 12:3185–3190
Worm B, Lotze HK, Myers RA (2003) Predators diversity hotspots in the blue ocean. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:9884–9888
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the crew of R/V Alis and the technical support of the IRD at Nouméa; the staff of the “Service de Systématique Moléculaire” at the MNHN for technical facilities; Philippe Bouchet, Pierre Lozouet, and Alan Beu for the identification of gastropod specimen; Alain Crosnier for providing access to the MNHN crustacean collection; Simon Tillier for constructive comments and discussion on the manuscript; Porter P. Lowry for English improvement of the manuscript; Robin Wapples for comments on a previous version of this manuscript. The experiments complied with the current laws of France.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by S.A. Poulet, Roscoff
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Samadi, S., Bottan, L., Macpherson, E. et al. Seamount endemism questioned by the geographic distribution and population genetic structure of marine invertebrates. Mar Biol 149, 1463–1475 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0306-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0306-4