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Clinical chemistry without reagents? An infrared spectroscopic technique for determination of clinically relevant constituents of body fluids

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Abstract

A spectroscopic method based on attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy has been developed for reagent-free analysis of blood and urine constituents in the clinical laboratory and for point-of-care-applications. Blood plasma, whole blood, and urine were analyzed without any sample preparation, such as drying, concentration, or enrichment. Sample volumes as small as 5 μL (a single drop of blood) can be used. Mathematical models, including partial least-squares regression, were used to construct a prediction model which can calculate the concentration of albumin, cholesterol, glucose, total protein, urea, and triglycerides in whole blood or blood plasma samples and the concentration of urea, uric acid, phosphate and creatinine in urine samples. The absolute precision and reproducibility of the prediction reached is sufficient for routine clinical analysis and is only limited by the precision of the reference analysis used for calibration. This was achieved by use of a large number of calibration samples (approx. 400 for blood samples and approx. 100 for urine samples) carefully selected for physiological and pathological range and for specific disease profiles.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Mrs Sauer-Eppel (university hospital Frankfurt) for her help with conventional analysis of the blood and urine samples and Professor von Lilienfeld-Toal (MKK Gelnhausen) and Dr von Germar for discussions in the early phase of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biophysics, University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany

    Gamze Hoşafçı, Oliver Klein & Werner Mäntele

  2. Center of Internal Medicine, Research Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany

    Gerhard Oremek

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  1. Gamze Hoşafçı
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  2. Oliver Klein
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  3. Gerhard Oremek
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  4. Werner Mäntele
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Correspondence to Oliver Klein.

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Hoşafçı, G., Klein, O., Oremek, G. et al. Clinical chemistry without reagents? An infrared spectroscopic technique for determination of clinically relevant constituents of body fluids. Anal Bioanal Chem 387, 1815–1822 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0841-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0841-3

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