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Neue reproduktionsmedizinische Techniken

New techniques in reproductive medicine

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Der Gynäkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

In den letzten Jahren wurden zahlreiche neue reproduktionsmedizinische Techniken entwickelt bzw. optimiert. Zu diesen Techniken gehören die Natural-Cycle-IVF, die „Minimal stimulation IVF“, die In-vitro-Maturation, die Kryokonservierung von unfertilisierten Oozyten und von Ovargewebe sowie die Ovulationsinduktion mit GnRH-Analoga. Diese Techniken ermöglichen in Abhängigkeit von medizinischen Risikokonstellationen oder auch von persönlichen Wünschen der Patientinnen eine zunehmend individualisierte Behandlung. Auch erlauben die neuen Techniken die Erschließung neuer Indikationsgebiete wie die Fertilitätsprotektion bei Krebserkrankungen und die Fertilitätskonservierung als Teil der Lebens- und Karriereplanung der Frau. Des Weiteren wurden in den letzten Jahren bereits etablierte Behandlungsformen wie das Assisted Hatching, die Polkörperanalyse sowie Behandlungen zur Verbesserung der Implantation und der Lutealphase systematisch in großen Studien evaluiert. Sie haben gezeigt, dass die Effektivität dieser Maßnahmen bisher nicht bewiesen werden konnte bzw. zumindest gering ist.

Abstract

Several new techniques, including natural-cycle in vitro fertilization (IVF), minimal stimulation IVF, in vitro maturation, cryopreservation of unfertilized oocytes and ovarian tissue, and ovulation induction with GnRH analogues, have been developed in reproductive medicine within the last few years. These new techniques allow individualized therapy of the sterile couple. They have also opened new areas in reproductive medicine, such as fertility preservation in cancer patients and in healthy women seeking to slow their“biological clocks.” Other techniques such as assisted hatching, polar body biopsy, and treatments to improve the luteal phase and implantation have been intensively evaluated in large studies. However, these studies have revealed that the efficacy of these techniques remains unproven or is limited.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Fertilitätsstörungen, Universitäts Frauenklinik, Voßstraße 9, 69115, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    M. von Wolff

  2. Zentrum für Hormon- und Stoffwechselerkrankungen,Reproduktionsmedizin und Pränatale Medizin, Endokrinologikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland

    M. Ludwig

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  1. M. von Wolff
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Correspondence to M. von Wolff.

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von Wolff, M., Ludwig, M. Neue reproduktionsmedizinische Techniken. Gynäkologe 41, 701–713 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-008-2240-7

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