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Generation and characterization of two novel low phytate mutations in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)

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Abstract

Phytic acid (PA, myo-inositol 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 hexakisphosphate) is important to the nutritional quality of soybean meal. Organic phosphorus (P) in PA is indigestible in humans and non-ruminant animals, which affects nutrition and causes P pollution of ground water from animal wastes. Two novel soybean [(Glycine max L. (Merr.)] low phytic acid (lpa) mutations were isolated and characterized. Gm-lpa-TW-1 had a phytic acid P (PA-P) reduction of 66.6% and a sixfold increase in inorganic P (Pi), and Gm-lpa-ZC-2 had a PA-P reduction of 46.3% and a 1.4-fold increase in Pi, compared with their respective non-mutant progenitor lines. The reduction of PA-P and increase of Pi in Gm-lpa-TW-1 were molar equivalent; the decrease of PA-P in Gm-lpa-ZC-2, however, was accompanied by the increase of both Pi and lower inositol phosphates. In both mutant lines, the total P content remained similar to their wild type parents. The two lpa mutations were both inherited in a single recessive gene model but were non-allelic. Sequence data and progeny analysis indicate that Gm-lpa-TW-1 lpa mutation resulted from a 2 bp deletion in the soybean d-myo-inositol 3-phosphate synthase (MIPS1 EC 5.5.1.4) gene 1 (MIPS1). The lpa mutation in Gm-lpa-ZC-2 was mapped on LG B2, closely linked with microsatellite loci Satt416 and Satt168, at genetic distances of ∼4.63 and ∼9.25 cM, respectively. Thus this mutation probably represents a novel soybean lpa locus. The seed emergence rate of Gm-lpa-ZC-2 was similar to its progenitor line and was not affected by seed source and its lpa mutation. However, Gm-lpa-TW-1 had a significantly reduced field emergence when seeds were produced in a subtropic environment. Field tests of the mutants and their progenies further demonstrated that the lpa mutation in Gm-lpa-ZC-2 does not negatively affect plant yield traits. These results will advance understanding of the genetic, biochemical and molecular control of PA synthesis in soybean. The novel lpa mutation in Gm-lpa-ZC-2, together with linked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, will be of value for breeding productive lpa soybeans, with meal high in digestible Pi eventually to improve animal nutrition and lessen environmental pollution.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. Victor Raboy for his advice on the project and for his critical reading of and constructive suggestions to this paper. The authors are also grateful to Prof. Yue DY, Nanjing Agricultural University, for his advice and support on molecular mapping and to Dr. Zhu Y and Dr Zhang JJ of Zhejiang University for assistance in PA-P determination using HPLC. Our heartfelt thanks go to one anonymous reviewer who helped improve the quality of our English. This project is a part of the IAEA regional technical cooperation project (RAS/05/040).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IAEA-Zhejiang University Collaborating Center, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China

    Feng-Jie Yuan, Hai-Jun Zhao, Xue-Liang Ren & Qing-Yao Shu

  2. Institute of Crop Science and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China

    Feng-Jie Yuan, Shen-Long Zhu & Xu-Jun Fu

  3. Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria

    Qing-Yao Shu

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  1. Feng-Jie Yuan
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  2. Hai-Jun Zhao
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  3. Xue-Liang Ren
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  4. Shen-Long Zhu
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  5. Xu-Jun Fu
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Correspondence to Qing-Yao Shu.

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Communicated by H. T. Nguyen.

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Yuan, FJ., Zhao, HJ., Ren, XL. et al. Generation and characterization of two novel low phytate mutations in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Theor Appl Genet 115, 945–957 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-007-0621-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-007-0621-2

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