Abstract
Dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F. T. Bennett is the most economically important turf disease on golf courses in North America. Dollar spot resistance in a creeping bentgrass cultivar would greatly reduce the frequency, costs, and environmental impacts of fungicide application. Little work has been done to understand the genetics of resistance to dollar spot in creeping bentgrass. Therefore, QTL analysis was used to determine the location, number and effects of genomic regions associated with dollar spot resistance in the field. To meet this objective, field inoculations using a single isolate were performed over 2 years and multiple locations using progeny of a full sib mapping population ‘549 × 372’. Dollar spot resistance seems to be inherited quantitatively and broad sense heritability for resistance was estimated to be 0.88. We have detected one QTL with large effect on linkage group 7.1 with LOD values ranging from 3.4 to 8.6 and explaining 14–36% of the phenotypic variance. Several smaller effect QTL specific to rating dates, locations and years were also detected. The association of the tightly linked markers with the LG 7.1 QTL based on 106 progeny was further examined by single marker analysis on all 697 progeny. The high significance of the QTL on LG 7.1 at a sample size of 697 (P < 0.0001), along with its consistency across locations, years and ratings dates, indicated that it was stable over environments. Markers tightly linked to the QTL can be utilized for marker-assisted selection in future bentgrass breeding programs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arahana VS, Graef GL, Specht JE, Steadman JR, Eskridge KM (2001) Identification of QTL for resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean. Crop Sci 41:180–188
Baldwin NA, Newell AJ (1992) Field production of fertile apothecia by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa in Festuca turf. J Sports Turf Res Inst 68:73–76
Bonos SA, Casler MD, Meyer WA (2003) Inheritance of dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass. Crop Sci 43:2189–2196
Bonos SA, Casler MD, Meyer WA (2004) Plant response and characteristics associated with dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass. Crop Sci 44:1763–1769
Boulter JI, Boland GJ, Trevors JT (2002) Evaluation of composts for suppression of dollar spot (Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) of turfgrass. Plant Dis 86:405–410
Burpee LL (1997) Control of dollar spot of creeping bentgrass caused by an isolate of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa resistant to benzomidazole and demethylation inhibitor fungicides. Plant Dis 81:1259–1263
Chakraborty N, Bae J, Warnke S, Chang T, Jung G (2005) Linkage map construction in allotetraploid creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). Theor Appl Genet 111:795–803
Chakraborty N, Chang T, Casler MD, Jung G (2006) Response of bentgrass cultivars to Sclerotinia homoeocarpa isolates representing 10 vegetative compatibility groups. Crop Sci 46:1237–1244
Couch HB (1995) Disease of turfgrasses. 3rd edn. Krieger Publ. Malabar, Fla
Curley J, Sim SC, Warnke S, Leong S, Barker R, Jung G (2005) QTL mapping of resistance to gray leaf spot in ryegrass. Theor Appl Genet 111:1107–1117
Lander E, Botstein D (1989) Mapping Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits using RFLP linkage maps. Genetics 121:185–199
Lespinasse D, Grivet L, Troispoux V, Rodier-Goud M, Pinard F, Seguin M (2000) Identification of QTL involved in the resistance to South American leaf blight (Microcyclus ulei) in the rubber tree. Theor Appl Genet 100:975–984
Melchinger AE, Utz HF, Schön CC (1998) Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using different testers and independent population samples in maize reveals low power of QTL detection and large bias in estimates of QTL effects. Genetics 149:383–403
Miklas PN, Johnson WC, Delorme R, Gepts P (2001) QTL conditioning physiological resistance and avoidance to white mold in dry bean. Crop Sci 41:309–315
Paterson AH, Damon S, Hewitt JD, Zamir D, Rabinowitch HD, Lincoln SE, Lander ES, Tanksley SD (1991) Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits in tomato: Comparison across species, generations, and environments. Genetics 127:181–197
Portyanko VA, Chen G, Rines HW, Phillips RL, Leonard KJ, Ochocki GE, Stuthman DD (2005) Quantitative trait loci for partial resistance to crown rust, Puccinia coronata, in cultivated oat, Avena sativa L. Theor Appl Genet 111:313–324
Qi X, Jiang G, Chen W, Niks RE, Stam P (1999) Isolate-specific QTL for partial resistance to Puccinia hordei in barley. Theor Appl Genet 99:877–884
Sallaud C, Lorieux M, Roumen E, Tharreau D, Berruyer R, Svestasrani P, Garsmeur O, Ghesquire A, Notteghem J-L (2003) Identification of five new blast resistance genes in the highly blast-resistant rice variety IR64 using a QTL mapping strategy. Theor Appl Genet 106:794–803
SAS Institute Inc. (1999) SAS/STAT User’s Guide, Version 7-1, SAS Inst., Cary, NC
Talukder ZI, McDonald AJS, Price AH (2005) Loci controlling partial resistance to rice blast do not show marked QTL × environment interaction when plant nitrogen status alters disease severity. New Phytologist 168:455–464
Tanksley SD, Young ND, Paterson AH, Bonierbale MW (1993) RFLP mapping in plant breeding: new tools for an old science. Bio/Technol 7:257–264
Van Ooijen JW, Voorips RE (2001) JoinMap 3.0, Software for the calculation of genetic linkage maps. Plant Res Int Wageningen, The Netherlands
Van Ooijen JW, Boer MP, Jansen RC, Maliepaard C (2002) MapQTL® version 4.0: Software for the calculation of QTL positions on genetic maps. Plant Res Int Wageningen, The Netherlands
Vargas JM Jr. (1994) Management of turfgrass diseases, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Walsh B, Ikeda SS, Boland GJ (1999) Biology and management of dollar spot (Sclerotinia homoeocarpa); an important disease of turfgrass. HortScience 34:13–21
Wang D, Karle R, Iezzoni AF (2000) QTL analysis of flower and fruit traits in sour cherry. Theor Appl Genet 100:535–544
Warnke SE (2003) Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). In: Casler MD, Duncan RR (eds) Turfgrass biology, genetics and breeding. Wiley, New Jersey, pp 175–185
Warnke SE, Barker RE, Jung G, Sim S, Rouf Mian MA, Saha MC, Brilman LA, Dupal MP, Forster JW (2004) Genetic linkage mapping of an annual × perennial ryegrass population. Theor Appl Genet 109:294–304
Wipff JK, Fricker C (2001) Gene flow from transgenic creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) in the Willamette valley, Oregon. Int Turfgrass Soc Res J 9:224–242
Xu XF, Mei HW, Luo LJ, Cheng XN, Li ZK (2002) RFLP-facilitated investigation of the quantitative resistance of rice to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens). Theor Appl Genet 104:248–253
Young ND (1996) QTL mapping and quantitative disease resistance in plants. Annu Rev Phytopathol 34:479–501
Zou JH, Pan XB, Chen ZX, Xu JY, Lu JF, Zhai WX, Zhu LH (2000) Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling sheath blight resistance in two rice cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 101:569–573
Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. Tom Voigt for maintaining the turf research plot at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Funding for this project was provided by Hatch Formula Fund (WIS04777), the Wisconsin Turfgrass Association, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Research Cooperative Agreement, and United States Golf Association (USGA).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by F. von Eeuwijk.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chakraborty, N., Curley, J., Warnke, S. et al. Mapping QTL for dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). Theor Appl Genet 113, 1421–1435 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0387-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0387-y