Zusammenfassung
Die Patient-Arzt-Kommunikation ist für die Krankheitsverarbeitung und das Krankheitserleben von Krebspatienten eine wesentliche Determinante. Im „Kommunikationszeitalter“ wird Information und Datenübertragung häufig bereits mit Kommunikation gleichgesetzt. Im Gegensatz zu analogem oder digitalem Informationsaustausch ist jedoch die Botschaft, die in der personalen Kommunikation beim Gesprächspartner „ankommt“, oft sehr unterschiedlich von der, die intendiert war, weil nonverbale und emotionale Kontextmerkmale die Informationsperzeption, -interpretation und -verarbeitung entscheidend modulieren. Eine in der modernen Onkologie zunehmende Inkongruenz auf Patientenseite von Krankheitserleben und diagnostizierter Krankheit kompliziert die Patient-Arzt-Kommunikation zudem. Jedes ärztliche Gespräch wird nur befriedigend sein, wenn sein Inhalt, sein Setting und seine Struktur an einer konkreten Zielsetzung ausgerichtet sind. Empirisch abgesichert, lassen sich die Elemente einer guten Patient-Arzt-Kommunikation mit beidseitigem Nutzen lehren und nachhaltig lernen.
Abstract
Patient-doctor communication is an essential aspect of coping with cancer. In our “age of communication”, information and data transfer often is mistaken for communication. Contrary to analogous or digital information transmission, a message received by the patient may widely differ from the message intended by the doctor. For in human communication, nonverbal and emotional contexts may extensively modify the perception, interpretation and processing of information. Moreover, in modern oncology patient-doctor communication is complicated by a growing incongruence between a patient’s disease and his illness experience. To achieve satisfying doctor-patient communication, the setting, content and structure have to be directed towards a specific goal. Empirical data show that key elements and skills of efficient patient-doctor communication can be taught and learned.
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Gewidmet meinem onkologischen Lehrer Herrn Prof. Dr. Walter M. Gallmeier, dem Initiator der Kühlungsborner Kommunikationskurse
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Kappauf, H.W. Kommunikation in der Onkologie. Hautarzt 55, 709–714 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-004-0767-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-004-0767-7