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Vasopressin zur Therapie eines therapierefraktären traumatisch-hämorrhagischen Schocks

Die VITRIS.at-Studie

Vasopressin for therapy of persistent traumatic hemorrhagic shock

The VITRIS.at study

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Zusammenfassung

Im therapierefraktären traumatisch-hämorrhagischen Schock ist eine Stabilisierung des Blutdrucks mit aggressiver Volumengabe und Katecholaminen teilweise nicht mehr möglich. In diesen Zuständen konnten mit Vasopressin in experimentellen Untersuchungen und in Fallserien eine Steigerung des arteriellen Blutdrucks, eine Umverteilung des noch zirkulierenden Blutvolumens Richtung Herz und Gehirn sowie ein verminderter Bedarf an Volumenersatzmitteln gezeigt werden. Um zu untersuchen, ob diese Ergebnisse auf die Schocktherapie im Rettungsdienst übertragen werden können, bereiten wir eine internationale, multizentrische, randomisierte Studie vor, die die Gabe von Vasopressin (10 IU i.v.) mit der Injektion von Kochsalzplacebo in bis zu 3 aufeinanderfolgenden Injektionen in jeweils mindestens 5-minütigem Abstand miteinander vergleichen soll. Aufgenommen werden erwachsene Patienten, die einen außerklinischen traumatisch-hämorrhagischen Schock (definiert als systolischer Blutdruck <90 mmHg) erleiden, der nach 10 min einer Standardschocktherapie (Volumengabe, Atemwegssicherung, Katecholamingabe) persistiert. Das Zeitfenster zur Aufnahme schließt sich 30 min nach dem Eintreffen des ersten Notarztes. Es werden ca. 40 Rettungshubschrauberstationen in Deutschland, Holland, Tschechien, Portugal, Österreich und der Schweiz an dieser Studie teilnehmen. Ausschlusskriterien sind eine terminale Erkrankung, kein intravenöser Zugang, Minderjährigkeit, Unfallzeitpunkt >60 min vor Eintreffen des Notarztes, Kreislaufstillstand beim Eintreffen, unbehandelter Spannungspneumothorax oder unbehandelte Herzbeuteltamponade sowie eine bekannte Schwangerschaft. Der primäre Endpunkt der Studie wird die Rate an Krankenhauseinlieferungen sein; sekundäre Endpunkte sind Hämodynamik, Bedarf an Volumenersatzmitteln und Krankenhausentlassungsrate.

Abstract

While fluid management is established in controlled hemorrhagic shock, its use in uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock is being controversially discussed, because it may worsen bleeding. In the irreversible phase of hemorrhagic shock that was unresponsive to volume replacement, airway management and catecholamines, vasopressin was beneficial due to an increase in arterial blood pressure, shift of blood away from a subdiaphragmatic bleeding site towards the heart and brain and decrease of fluid resuscitation requirements. The purpose of this multicenter, randomized, controlled, international trial is to assess the effects of vasopressin (10 IU IV) vs. saline placebo IV (up to 3 injections at least 5 min apart) in patients with prehospital traumatic hemorrhagic shock that persists despite standard shock treatment. The study will be carried out by helicopter emergency medical service teams in Austria, Germany, Czech Republic, Portugal, the Netherlands and Switzerland. Inclusion criteria are adult trauma patients with presumed traumatic hemorrhagic shock (systolic arterial blood pressure <90 mmHg) that does not respond to the first 10 min of standard shock treatment (endotracheal intubation, fluid resuscitation and use of vasopressors) after arrival of the first emergency physician at the scene. The time window for randomization will close after 30 min of shock treatment. Exclusion criteria are terminal illness, no intravenous access, age <18 years, injury >60 min before randomization, cardiac arrest before randomization, presence of a do-not-resuscitate order, untreated tension pneumothorax, untreated cardiac tamponade, or known pregnancy. Primary study end-point is the hospital admission rate, secondary end-points are hemodynamic variables, fluid resuscitation requirements and hospital discharge rate.

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Notes

  1. Vasopressin zur Therapie eines therapierefraktären traumatisch-hämorrhagischen Schocks“.

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Correspondence to V. Wenzel M.Sc..

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Finanziell unterstützt vom Jubiläumsfonds der Österreichischen Nationalbank, Projekt 11448, Wien, Österreich, dem Flugrettungsdienst des Österreichischen Automobil und Touring Clubs (ÖAMTC), Wien, Österreich, und der Schweizerischen Rettungsflugwacht (REGA), Zürich, Schweiz.

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Lienhart, H., Wenzel, V., Braun, J. et al. Vasopressin zur Therapie eines therapierefraktären traumatisch-hämorrhagischen Schocks. Anaesthesist 56, 145–150 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-006-1114-4

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