Summary
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1.
During habituation in 4 dogs to a new environment and attachment of apparatus, the blood pressure was at first high but fell from about 175 systolic the first day to about 135 on the ninth day.
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2.
In the first group of dogs used two years previously to form 3 cardiac conditional reflexes to 3 intensities of shock, the blood pressure measured after a 13-month rest was retained and specific to the 3 intensities of shock. In another group of 2 dogs the blood pressure was specific to the excitatory and to the inhibitory signals for pain.
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3.
The conditioned hypertension was parallel to the conditioned heart rate.
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4.
The conditioned hypertension was parallel to the motor conditional reflex with certain exceptions: the conditioned hypertension was, like the cardiac conditional reflex, quicker to form and more persistent, thus being present often in the absence of the motor conditional reflex—an evidence ofschizokinesis.
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5.
The conditioned hypertension was retained for a 13-month rest period without intervening training, being present immediately when the dog was brought back into the environment where the stress had been given.
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6.
Although the conditioned hypertension was retained in the long rest period,it could in one dog be reduced somewhat by repeating the conditional stimulus without the shock (non-reinforcement), a more efficient way of extinction than simple rest. In another dog the hypertension became exaggerated though there was no repetition of the stress, showing evidence of an internal development (autokinesis).
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7.
The amplitude of the conditioned hypertension varied according to the individual dog from about 130 average control to limits of 150 to 225 (conditioned hypertension) in the separate dogs.
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Reprinted fromBulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Vol. 107, No. 2, pp. 72–89, August, 1960.
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Dykman, R.A., Gantt, W.H. Experimental psychogenic hypertension: Blood pressure changes conditioned to painful stimuli (Schizokinesis). Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science 32, 272–287 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02688625
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02688625