Abstract
A total of 1,729 children (2nd–9th grades) in South Africa, Iceland, Poland, Australia, the U.K., and the U.S.A. rated 20 events in terms of how upsetting they are. Save in Poland, the ratings were in close agreement (r, .85–.97), placing the loss of parent at the top and a new baby sibling at the bottom. In Poland, the baby's arrival led the list. Even so, what was seen as quite upsetting fell everywhere in the same two categories—experiences that threaten one's sense of security and those that occasion personal denigration and embarrassment.
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Yamamoto, K., Davis, O.L., Dylak, S. et al. Across six nations: Stressful events in the lives of children. Child Psych Hum Dev 26, 139–150 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02353355
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02353355