Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of soil salinity level and zinc application on growth, yield, and nutrient composition of rice

  • Published:
Plant and Soil Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

To study the effect of salinity and Zn levels on growth, yield, and nutrient composition of rice (Oryza sativa L.), an experiment was conducted at IRRI with three levels of salinity (ECe 2.5, 5.6, and 8.7) and three levels of Zn (0, 10, and 20 mg Zn/kg soil), and two rices (salt-tolerant experimental line IR10198-66-2 and salt-sensitive variety IR28). Salinity decreased plant height; yield-contributing characters; and shoot, straw, and grain yields in IR28. In contrast, salinity up to ECe 5.6 did not affect these plant parameters in experimental line IR10198-66-2 but at ECe 8.7, it decreased the panicle weight and shoot, straw, and grain yields. The application of Zn at rates as high as 10 mg/kg soil increased the height and improved the yield-contributing characters and the shoot, straw, and grain yields in IR28; it has no effect in IR10198-66-2. In general, the shoot, straw, and grain yields were higher in IR10198-66-2 than in IR28.

Salinity increased the concentrations of N, Na, Mg, and Cu and decreased the concentration of K in shoot and straw of IR28. However, in IR10198-66-2, salinity did not affect the concentrations of K, Na, and Mn, but at its highest level (ECe 8.7) increased those of N and Cu. In grains, salinity increased the concentrations of Na, Fe, and Zn; decreased those of P and Mn; and did not affect those of N, K, Ca, Mg, and Cu in both varieties. The application of Zn at rates up to 10 mg Zn/kg soil reduced the concentration of Na and increased that of K in IR28 but had no effect on the concentration of Na and K in IR10198-66-2. In both varieties, Zn application reduced the concentrations of P, Ca, Mg, and Fe and increased those of Zn and Mn. IR10198-66-2 had lower concentrations of Na, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu and higher concentrations of K and Mg than IR28.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bernstein L 1961 Osmotic adjustment of plants to saline media I. Steady state. Am. J. Bot. 48, 909–918.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bhumbla D R and Abrol I P 1978 Saline and sodic soils.In Soils and Rice, IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines. pp 719–738.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Castro R U and Sabado S R 1977 Influence of varying levels of salt applied at different stages of the growth and yield of rice.Grains J. 2(3) 43–45.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gangwar M S and Mann J S 1972 Zinc nutrition of rice in relation to iron and manganese uptake under different water regimes. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 42, 1032–1035.

    Google Scholar 

  5. George L Y 1967 Accumulation of sodium and calcium by seedlings of some cereal crops under saline conditions. Agron. J. 59, 297–299.

    Google Scholar 

  6. George L Y and Williams W A 1964 Germination and respiration of barley, strawberry, clover and ladine clover seeds in salt solutions. Crop Sci. 4, 450–452.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Giriraj K, Murthy A S P and Janardhan K V 1976 Comparative study of growth, yield and nutrition in rice as affected by saline water application. SABRAO J. 8, 47–52.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Halder M and Mandal L N 1981 Effect of phosphorus and zinc on the growth and phosphorus, zinc, copper, iron and manganese nutrition of rice. Plant and Soil 59, 415–425.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hayward M F and Bernstein L 1958 Plant growth relationships on salt-affected soils. Rev. 24, 584–635.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Henckel P A and Strogonov B P 1961 Physiology of plant consuming salts. UNESCO Proc. Tehran Symp. pp 145–149.

  11. Javed A S and Khan F A 1975 Effect of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate on IRRI rice. J. Agric. Res. (Punjab) 13, 705–710.

    Google Scholar 

  12. John C D, Limpinuntana V and Greenway H 1977 Interaction of salinity and anaerobiosis in Barley and rice. J. Exp. Bot. 28, 133–141.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kaddah M I, Lehman W F and Robinson F E 1973 Tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to salt during boot, flowering and grain-filling stages. Agron. J. 65, 845–847.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kaddah M T, Lehman W E, Meek B D and Robinson F E 1975 Salinity effects on rice after the boot stage. Agron J. 67, 436–439.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Khalil M M, Ata S K, Sheta T M and Bakkati M 1975 Salinity effects on some varieties and strains of rice. Agric. Res. Rev. 53(4), 51–58.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kirkham M B, Gardner W R and Gerloff G C 1969 Leaf water potential of differentially salinized plants. Plant Physiol. 44, 1378–1382.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Maas E V and Nieman R M 1978 Physiology of plant tolerance to salinity.In Crop Tolerance to Subtropical Land Conditions, ASA, Special Pub. No. 32, 227–299.

  18. Maas E V, Ogata G and Garber M J 1972 Influence of salinity on Fe, Mn and Zn uptake by plants. Agron. J. 64, 793–795.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Murty K S and Rao C N 1965 Studies on salt tolerance in rice. I. Effect of salt concentration on yield and chemical composition of rice. Oryza 2, 87–92.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Paricha P C, Patra G J and Sahoo P 1975 Effect of synthetic sea water on growth and chemical composition of rice at different stages of development. J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 23, 344–348.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ponnamperuma F N 1977 Behaviour of minor elements in paddy soils. IRRI Res. Pap. Series No. 8.

  22. Ponnamperuma F N and Bandyopadhyay A K 1980 Soil salinity as a constraint on food production in the humid tropics.In Priorities for Alleviating Soil-Related Constraints to Food Production in the Tropics, IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Rashid M 1983 Response of rice to five levels of salinity, sodicity, zinc and copper in a wetland soil. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Philippines at Los Baños, Philippines.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ravikovitch S 1973 Effects of brackish irrigation water and fertilizer on millet and corn. Exp. Agric. 9, 181–188.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ravikovitch S and Navrot J 1976 The effect of manganese and zinc on plants in saline soil. Soil Sci. 121, 25–31.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Saxena M K and Pandey U K 1981 Physiological studies on salt tolerance of ten rice varieties. I. Growth and yield aspects. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 24, 61–68.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Venkateswarlu J, Ramesam M and Rao G V M M 1972 Salt tolerance in rice varieties. J. Indian. Soc. Soil Sci. 20, 169–173.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Wallace A, Cha J W and Mueller R T 1980 Effect of NaCl on some trace metals in bush beans. J. Plant Nutr. 2, 115–117.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Yoshida S, Forno D A, Cock J H and Gomez K A 1976 Laboratory manual of physiological studies of rice. IRRI, Los Baños, Philippines.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933, Manila, Philippines

    T. S. Verma & H. U. Neue

Authors
  1. T. S. Verma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. U. Neue
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Verma, T.S., Neue, H.U. Effect of soil salinity level and zinc application on growth, yield, and nutrient composition of rice. Plant Soil 82, 3–14 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02220765

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02220765

Key words

Search

Navigation