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The comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR (microsatellite) markers for germplasm analysis

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Abstract

The utility of RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), RAPD (random-amplified polymorphic DNA), AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) and SSR (simple sequence repeat, microsatellite) markers in soybean germplasm analysis was determined by evaluating information content (expected heterozygosity), number of loci simultaneously analyzed per experiment (multiplex ratio) and effectiveness in assessing relationships between accessions. SSR markers have the highest expected heterozygosity (0.60), while AFLP markers have the highest effective multiplex ratio (19). A single parameter, defined as the marker index, which is the product of expected heterozygosity and multiplex ratio, may be used to evaluate overall utility of a marker system. A comparison of genetic similarity matrices revealed that, if the comparison involved both cultivated (Glycine max) and wild soybean (Glycine soja) accessions, estimates based on RFLPs, AFLPs and SSRs are highly correlated, indicating congruence between these assays. However, correlations of RAPD marker data with those obtained using other marker systems were lower. This is because RAPDs produce higher estimates of interspecific similarities. If the comparisons involvedG. max only, then overall correlations between marker systems are significantly lower. WithinG. max, RAPD and AFLP similarity estimates are more closely correlated than those involving other marker systems.

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Abbreviations

RFLP:

restriction fragment length plymorphism

RAPD:

random-amplified polymorphic DNA

AFLP:

amplified fragment length polymorphism

SSR:

simple sequence repeat

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

TBE:

Tris-borate-EDTA buffer

MI:

marker index

SENA:

sum of effective numbers of alleles

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Wayne Powell

    Present address: Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, DD2 5DA, Dundee, UK

  2. Michele Morgante

    Present address: Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale e Tecnologie Agrarie, Universita de Udine, Via della Scienze 208, I-33100, Udine, Italy

  3. Chaz Andre

    Present address: Applied Biosystems Division, Perkin Elmer, 850 Lincoln Centre Drive, 94404, Foster City, CA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Research, Agricultural Products Department, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co (Inc.), Experimental Station, P.O.Box 80402, 19880-0402, Wilmington, DE, USA

    Wayne Powell, Michele Morgante, Chaz Andre, Michael Hanafey, Julie Vogel, Scott Tingey & Antoni Rafalski

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  1. Wayne Powell
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Powell, W., Morgante, M., Andre, C. et al. The comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR (microsatellite) markers for germplasm analysis. Mol Breeding 2, 225–238 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564200

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564200

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