Over-expression, purification and determination of the proteolytic processing site of the yeast mitochondrial CBS1 protein

Summary

Yeast transformats harboring the CBS1 gene under the control of the strong ADC1 promoter on a high copy number plasmid express the mitochondrial CBS1 protein at artificially high levels. Over-expressed protein is imported into mitochondria and correctly processed to vield the mature mitochondrial 23.5 kDa form, but differs in its solubility properties from CBS1 in wild-type mitochondria. It forms insoluble protein aggregates, which are refractory to solubilization with 1% Taurodeoxycholate. We exploited this observation to separate CBS1 from the bulk of mitochondrial proteins and to isolate CBS1 after SDS gel electrophoresis. Determination of the amino-terminal amino acids of the purified protein reveals that the mature CBS1 protein starts with Ile³⁰, at the characteristic distance of +2 amino acids from an arginine residue (Arg²⁸). The cleavage site shows a remarkable homology to that of subunit 9 of the F₀F₁ ATPase from Neurospora crassa.