Abstract
A map of the barley genome consisting of 295 loci was constructed. These loci include 152 cDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), 114 genomic DNA RFLP, 14 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), five isozyme, two morphological, one disease resistance and seven specific amplicon polymorphism (SAP) markers. The RFLP-identified loci include 63 that were detected using cloned known function genes as probes. The map covers 1,250 centiMorgans (cM) with a 4.2 cM average distance between markers. The genetic lengths of the chromosomes range from 124 to 223 cM and are in approximate agreement with their physical lengths. The centromeres were localized to within a few markers on all of the barley chromosomes except chromosome 5. Telomeric regions were mapped for the short (plus) arms of chromosomes 1, 2 and 3 and the long (minus) arm of chromosomes 7.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barley Genetics Committee (1981) Proposal for a revised system of nomenclature and symbolization of barley genes by the Barley Genetics Committee, American Barley Research Workers' Conference. Barley Genet Newsl 11:1–16
Belostotsky DA, Ananiev EV (1990) Characterization of relic DNA from barley genome. Theor Appl Genet 80:374–380
Bennett MD, Smith JB (1976) Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B 274:227–274
Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW (1980) Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 32:314–331
Chao S, Sharp PJ, Gale MD (1988) A linkage map of wheat homoeologous group 7 chromosomes using RFLP markers. In: Miller TE, Koebner RMD (eds) Proc 7th Int Wheat Genet Symp. Bath Press, Bath, UK, pp 493–498
Chen F, Hayes PM (1989) A comparison of Hordeum bulbosum mediated haploid production efficiency in barley using in vitro floret and tiller culture. Theor Appl Genet 77:701–704
Del Sal G, Manfioletti G, Schneider C (1989) The CTAB-DNA precipitation method: a common mini-scale preparation of template DNA from phagemids, phages or plasmids suitable for sequencing. BioTechniques 7:514–520
Gill KS, Lubbers EL, Gill BS, Raupp WJ, Cox TS (1991) A genetic linkage map of Triticum tauschii (DD) and its relationship to the D genome of bread wheat (AABBDD). Genome 34:362–374
Good AG, Pelcher LE, Crosby WL (1988) Nucleotide sequence of a complete barley alcohol dehydrogenase 1 cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res 16:7182
Graner A, Jahoor A, Schondelmaier J, Siedler H, Pillen K, Fischbeck G, Wenzel G, Herrmann RG (1991) Construction of an RFLP map of barley. Theor Appl Genet 83:250–256
Heun M, Kennedy AE, Anderson JA, Lapitan NLV, Sorrells ME, Tanksley SD (1991) Construction of a restriction fragment length polymorphism map for barley (Hordeum vulgare). Genome 34:437–447
Hinze K, Thompson RD, Ritter E, Salamini F, Schulze-Lefert P (1991) Restriction fragment length polymorphism-mediated targeting of the ml-o resistance locus in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:3691–3695
Hoffman DL, Goates BJ (1990) Polymorphism and genetic basis of β-N-acetylglucoseaminidase, hexokinase and basic β-dgalactosidase in barley (Hordeum spp.). Biochem Genet 28:487–493
Islam AKMR (1983) Ditelosomic additions of barley chromosomes to wheat. In: Sakamoto S (ed) Proc 6th Int Wheat Genet Symp. Kyoto University Press, Kyoto, pp 233–238
Kilian A Kleinhofs A (1992) Cloning and mapping of telomere associated sequences from Hordeum vulgare L. Mol Gen Genet 235:153–156
Kleinhofs A, Kilian A (1993) RFLP maps of barley. In: Phillips RL, Vasil IK (eds) DNA-based markers in plants. [In: Vasil IK (ed) Advances in cellular and molecular biology of plants, vol 1]. Kluwer Academic Publ, Dordrecht (in press)
Kleinhofs A, Chao S, Sharp PJ (1988) Mapping of nitrate reductase genes in barley and wheat. In: Miller TE, Koebner RMD (eds) Proc 7th Int Wheat Genet Symp. Bath Press, Bath, pp 541–546
Kosambi DD (1944) The estimation of map distances from recombination values. Ann Eugen 12:172–175
Lander ES, Green P, Abrahamson J, Barlow A, Daly MJ, Lincoln SE, Newburg L (1987) MAPMAKER: An interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations. Genomics 1:174–181
Linde-Laursen I, Jensen J (1992) proposal for new designations of chromosome arms and positions of chromosomal markers. In: Munck L (ed) Barley genetics VI, Vol 1. Munksgaard Int Publ, Copenhagen, pp 287–289
Liu BH, Knapp SJ (1990) GMENDEL: a program for Mendelian segregation and linkage analysis of individual or multiple progeny populations using log-likelihood ratios. J Hered 81:407
Muir CE, Nilan RA (1973) Registration of Steptoe barley. Crop Sci 13:770
Muehlbauer FJ, Weeden NF, Hoffman DL (1989) Inheritance and linkage relationships of morphological and isozyme loci in lentil (Lens Miller). J Hered 80:298–303
Nielsen G, Johansen HB (1986) Proposal for the identification of barley varieties based on genotypes for 2 hordein and 39 isoenzyme loci of 47 reference varieties. Euphytica 35:717–728
Rasmusson DC, Wilcoxson RD (1979) Registration of ‘Morex’ barley. Crop Sci 19:293
Reed KC, Mann DA (1985) Rapid transfer of DNA from agarose gels to nylon membranes. Nucleic Acids Res 13:7207–7221
Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning; a laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
Selander RK, Smith MH, Yang SY, Johnson WE, Gentry JB (1971) Biochemical polymorphism and systematics in the genus Peromyscus. I. Variation in the oldfield mouse (peromyscus polionotus). University Texas Publ 7103, Avotin, pp 49–90
Sharp PJ, Desai S, Chao S, Gale MD (1988) Isolation, characterization and applications of a set of 14 RFLP probes identifying each homoeologous chromosome arm in the Triticeae. In: Miller TE, Koebner RMD (eds) Proc 7th Int Wheat Genet Symp. Bath Press, Bath, pp 639–646
Shin JS, Corpuz L, Chao S, Blake TK (1990) A partial map of the barley genome. Genome 33:803–808
Singh RJ, Tsuchiya T (1982) Identification and designation of telocentric chromosomes in barley by means of Giemsa N-banding technique. Theor Appl Genet 644:13–24
Smith L (1951) Cytology and genetics of barley. Bot Rev 17:1–51; 133–202; 285–355
Sogaard B, von Wettstein-Knowles P (1987) Barley: genes and chromosomes. Carlsberg Res Commun 52:123–196
Soltis DE, Haufler CH, Darrow DC, Gastony GJ (1983) Starch gel electrophoresis of ferns: a compilation of grinding buffers, gel and electrode buffers, and staining schedules. Am Fern J 73:9–27
Steffensen BJ, Miller JD, Jin Y (1991) Detection of the T gene for resistance to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in barley seedlings. Phytopathology 81:1229
Tragoonrung S, Kanazin V, Hayes PM, Blake TK (1992) STAfacilitated PCR for barley genome mapping. Theor Appl Genet 84:1002–1008
von Wettstein-Knowles P (1992) Cloned and mapped genes: current status. In: Shewry PR (ed) Barley: genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology. CAB Int, Wallingford, pp 73–98
Wendel JF, Parks CR (1982) Genetic control of isozyme variation in Camellia japonica L. Heredity 73:197–204
Williams JGK, Kubilik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1990) DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 18:6531–6535
Wolfe RI, Franckowiak JD (1991) Multiple dominant and recessive genetic marker stocks in spring barley. Barley Genet Newsl 20:117–121
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by G. Wenzel
This research was also supported by other members of the NABGMP: K. Kasha, Department of Crop Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada NIG 2W1; W. Kim, Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2M9; A. Laroche, Agriculture Canada Research Station, P.O. Box 3000 Main, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada,TU 4B1; S. Molnar, Plant Research Centre Agriculture Canada, Central Experimental farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6; G. Scoles, Department of Crop Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N OWO
This research is part of the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project, R. A. Nilan and K. Kasha, Coordinator and Associate Coordinator, respectively
Permanent address: Department of Plant Genetics, NI Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kleinhofs, A., Kilian, A., Saghai Maroof, M.A. et al. A molecular, isozyme and morphological map of the barley (Hordeum vulgare) genome. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 86, 705–712 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222660
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00222660