Skip to main content
Log in

Characterization of a family of Arabidopsis zinc finger protein cDNAs

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Plant Molecular Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Work from animal systems indicates that C2H2 zinc finger proteins play an important role in development, and this is likely true for plant systems as well. To address this question we have used the sequence information from a previously isolated Arabidopsis thaliana C2H2 zinc finger protein gene to isolate additional cDNAs belonging to this gene family. While zinc finger genes isolated from other organisms encode multiple copies of this domain, the eight cDNAs isolated from Arabidopsis each contain only a single zinc finger. Outside of the finger region there is little sequence identity or similarity, although features characteristic of transcription factors are evident. While these genes are related, hybridization analysis indicates that each of them is a unique gene in the Arabidopsis genome. Analysis of mRNA demonstrates that the genes are expressed in different but overlapping sets of organs in the plant. These results are discussed in the light of recent analysis of zinc finger genes from other plant systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ausubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, Moore DD, Seidman JG, Smith JA: Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. Green Publishing Associates/Wiley Interscience, New York (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Baxevanis AD, Vinson CR: Interactions of coiled coils in transcription factors: where is the specificity? Curr Opin Genet Devel 3: 278–285 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bellefroid EJ, Marine J-C, Ried T, Lecocq PJ, Rivière M, Amenmiya C, Poncelet DA, Coulie PG, Jong PG, Szpirer C, Ward DC, Martial JA: Clustered organization of homologous KRAB zinc-finger genes with enhanced expression in human T lymphoid cells. EMBO J 12: 1363–1374 (1993).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Bellefroid EJ, Poncelet DA, Lecocq PJ, Revelant O, Martial JA: The evolutionarily conserved Krüppel-associated box domain defines a subfamily of eukaryotic multifingered proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 3608–3612 (1991).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Braun T, Schofield PR, Sprengel R: Amino-terminal leucine-rich receptors determine hormone selectivity. EMBO J 10: 1885–1890 (1991).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Brendel V, Karlin S: Association of charge clusters with functional domains of cellular transcription factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 5698–5702 (1989).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Church GM, Gilbert W: Genomic sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81: 1991–1995 (1984).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Datta N, Cashmore AR: Binding of a pea nuclear protein to promoters of certain photoregulated genes is modulated by phosphorylation. Plant Cell 1: 1069–1077 (1989).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Dewdney J, Conley TR, Shih M-C, Goodman HM: Effects of blue and red light on expression of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol 103: 1115–1121 (1993).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Dingwall C, Laskey RA: Nuclear targeting sequences: a consensus. Trends Biochem Sci 16: 478–481 (1991).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Duboule D, Haenlin M, Galliot B, Mohier E: DNA sequences homologous to the Drosophila opa repeat are present in murine mRNAs that are differentially expressed in fetuses and adult tissues. Mol Cell Biol 7: 2003–2006 (1987).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Gerber H-P, Seipel K, Georgiev O, Höfferer M, Hug M, Rusconi S, Schaffner W: Transcriptional activation modulated by homopolymeric glutamine and proline stretches. Science 263: 808–811 (1994).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Gill G, Pascal E, Tseng ZH, Tjian R: A glutamine-rich hydrophobic patch in transcription factor Sp1 contacts the dTAFII110 component of the Drosophila TFIID complex and mediates transcriptional activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 192–196 (1994).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Giraudat J, Hauge BM, Valon C, Smalle J, Parcy F, Goodman HM: Isolation of the Arabidopsis ABI3 gene by positional cloning. Plant Cell 4: 1251–1261 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Grabowski DT, Carney JP, Kelley MR: A Drosophila gene containing the opa repetitive element is exclusively expressed in adult male abdomens. Nucl Acids Res 19: 1709 (1991).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Hunter T, Karin M: The regulation of transcription by phosphorylation. Cell 70: 375–387 (1992).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Jackson SP, MacDonald JJ, Lees-Miller S, Tjian R: GC box binding induces phosphorylation of Sp1 by a DNA-dependent protein kinase. Cell 63: 155–165 (1990).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Jacobs GH: Determination of the base recognition positions of zinc fingers from sequence analysis. EMBO J 11: 4507–4517 (1992).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Klimczak LJ, Schindler U, Cashmore AR: DNA binding activity of the Arabidopsis G-box binding factor GBF1 is stimulated by phosphorylation by casein kinase II from broccoli. Plant Cell 4: 87–98 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Knöchel W, Pöting A, Köster M, ElBaradi T, Nietfeld W, Bouwmeester T, Pieler T: Evolutionary conserved modules associated with zinc fingers in Xenopus laevis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 6097–6100 (1989).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kubasek WL, Shirley BE, McKillop A, Goodman HM, Briggs W, Ausubel F: Regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic genes in germinating Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Cell 4: 1229–1236 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Lee I, Aukerman MJ, Gore SL, Lohman KN, Michaels SD, Weaver LM, John MC, Feldmann KA, Amasino RM: Isolation of Luminidependens: a gene involved in the control of flowering time in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 6: 75–83 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Miller J, McLachlan AD, Klug A: Repetitive zinc-binding domains in the protein transcription factor IIIA from Xenopus oocytes. EMBO J 4: 1609–1614 (1985).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Miller M, Reddy BA, Kloc M, Li XX, Dreyer C, Etkin LD: The nuclear-cytoplasmic distribution of the Xenopus nuclear factor, xnf7, coincides with its state of phosphorylation during early development. Development 113: 569–575 (1991).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Nietfeld W, Conrad S, vanWijk I, Giltay R, Bouwmeester T, Knöchel W, Pieter T: Evidence for a clustered genomic organization of FAX-zinc finger protein encoding transcription units in Xenopus laevis. J Mol Biol 230: 400–412 (1993).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Numoto M, Niwa O, Kaplan J, Wong K-K, Merrell K, Kamiya K, Yanagihara K, Calame K: Transcriptional repressor ZF5 identifies a new conserved domain in zinc finger proteins. Nucl Acids Res 21: 3767–3775 (1993).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Papavassilou AG, Treier M, Chavrier C, Bohmann D: Targeted degradation of c-Fos, but not v-Fos by a phosphorylation-dependent signal on c-Jun. Science 258: 1941–1944 (1992).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Pavletich NP, Pabo CO: Zinc finger-DNA recognition: crystal structure of a Zif268-DNA complex at 2.1 Å. Science 252: 809–817 (1991).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Peterman TK, Goodman HM: The glutamine synthetase gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana: light-regulation and differential expression in leaves, roots and seeds. Mol Gen Genet 230: 145–154 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Picard D, Yamamoto KR: Two signals mediate hormone-dependent nuclear localization of the glucocorticoid receptor. EMBO J 6: 3333–3340 (1987).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Raikhel N: Nuclear targeting in plants. Plant Physiol 100: 1627–1632 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sakamoto A, Minami M, Huh GH, Iwabuchi M: The putative zinc-finger protein WZF1 interacts with a cis-acting element of wheat histone genes. Eur J Biochem 217: 1049–1056 (1993).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Shieh MW, Wessler SR, Raikhel NV: Nuclear targeting of the maize R protein requires two nuclear localization sequences. Plant Physiol 101: 353–361 (1993).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Shirley BW, Hanley S, Goodman H: Effects of ionizing radiation on a plant genome: analysis of two Arabidopsis transparent testa mutations. Plant Cell 4: 333–347 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Takatsuji H, Mori M, Benfey PN, Ren L, Chua N-H: Characterization of a zinc finger DNA-binding protein expressed specifically in Petunia petals and seedling. EMBO J 11: 241–249 (1992).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Takatsuji H, Nakamura N, Katsumoto Y: A new family of zinc finger proteins in Petunia: structure, DNA sequence recognition, and floral organ-specific expression. Plant Cell 6: 947–958 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Tjaden G, Coruzzi GM: A novel AT-rich DNA binding protein that combines a HMG I-like DNA binding domain with a putative transcription domain. Plant Cell 6: 107–118 (1994).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Varagon MJ, Schmidt RJ, Raikhel NV: Nuclear localization signal(s) required for nuclear targeting of the maize regulatory protein Opaque-2. Plant Cell 4: 1213–1227 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Wharton KA, Yedvobnick B, Finnerty VG, Artavanis-Tsakonas S: opa: a novel family of transcribed repeats shared by the Notch locus and other developmentally regulated loci in D. melanogaster. Cell 40: 55–62 (1985).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Yamaguchi Y, Ruoslahti E: Expression of human proteoglycan in chinese hamster overy cells inhibits cell proteoglycan in chinese hamster overy cells inhibits cell proliferation. Nature 336: 244–246 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  41. Zhang H, Scheirer DC, Fowle WH, Goodman HM: Expression of anitisense or sense RNA of an ankyrin repeat-containing gene blocks chloroplast differentiation in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 4: 1575–1588 (1992).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tague, B.W., Goodman, H.M. Characterization of a family of Arabidopsis zinc finger protein cDNAs. Plant Mol Biol 28, 267–279 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00020246

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00020246

Key words

Navigation