Anthropogenic Platinum-Group Element Emissions

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XX

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2. Sources of PGE emissions

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. The automobile catalyst as an important source of PGE in the environment

      • M. A. Palacios, M. Moldovan, M. M. Gómez

      Pages 3-14

   3. Sources and sinks of anthropogenic platinum fluxes

      • E. Helmers, K. Kümmerer

      Pages 15-24

   4. Traffic-borne platinum pollution in municipal sewage treatment plants

      • D. Laschka, M. Nachtwey

      Pages 25-32

   5. Engine test bench experiments to determine platinum emissions from three-way catalytic converters

      • S. Artelt, K. Levsen, H. P. König, G. Rosner

      Pages 33-44

3. Occurrence, geochemical behaviour and fate in the environment

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 45-45

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   2. Environmental PGE contamination in Southwest Germany

      • J.-D. Eckhardt, J. Schäfer, H. Puchelt, D. Stüben

      Pages 47-55

   3. Changes in platinum concentrations in soils and dusts from UK cities

      • E. J. Hutchinson, M. E. Farago, P. R. Simpson

      Pages 57-64

   4. Biomonitoring of platinum immissions from motor vehicles

      • C. Dietl, D. Laschka, M. Wäber, L. Peichl

      Pages 65-71

   5. Anthropogenic emission of platinum-group elements (Pt, Pd and Rh) into the environment: concentration, distribution and geochemical behaviour in soils

      • F. Zereini, B. Skerstupp, K. Rankenburg, F. Dirksen, J.-M. Beyer, T. Claus et al.

      Pages 73-83

   6. Routes for bioaccunmulation and transormation of platinum in the urban environment

      • S. Rauch, G. M. Morrison

      Pages 85-93

   7. Platinum bioaccumulation in plants and overview of the situation for palladium and rhodium

      • S. Lustig, P. Schramel

      Pages 95-104

   8. Determinants of the phytotoxicity of platinum

      • H.-J. Ballach, F. Alt, J. Messerschmidt, R. Wittig

      Pages 105-114

   9. A contribution to the enology and ecology of noble metals

      • H. R. Eschnauer

      Pages 115-120

4. Analytical methods for PGE in the environment

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 121-121

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   2. Preconcentration/separation methods for the determination of trace platinum in environmental samples by ICP-MS

      • K. Akatsuka, J. W. McLaren

      Pages 123-131

   3. PGE emissions of automobile catalysts — identifying their track in the environment

      • E. Helmers

      Pages 133-144

   4. Voltammetric determination of ultratrace platinum and rhodium in biological and environmental samples

      • K. Hoppstock, F. Alt

      Pages 145-152

   5. PACEPAC: A road dust as a certified reference material for the quality assurance in the analysis of Pt, Pd and Rh in environmental samples

      • S. Lustig, P. Schramel, Ph. Quevauviller

      Pages 153-160

Since the implementation of catalysts containing platinum-group-elements (PGE) for the control of vehicle emissions in 1975, a controversial discussion has begun on PGE emissions and eventual consequences for the environment. However, a comprehensive overview of the various works and results in different scientific areas is still lacking. This book covers all aspects of anthropogenic PGE emissions and their consequences for man and environment. The interdisciplinary approach is substantiated by contributions from the fields of environmental geosciences, analytical chemistry, biology and occupational medicine. The articles mirror the actual status of scientific work and discuss environmentally related topics. Modern analytical methods for various environmental matrices as well as models of the current and future geochemical behaviour of PGE in the environment are presented. Bioavailability and toxicological and allergic potentials are discussed.

• Analytical Chemistry
• Biologie
• Medizin
• Umweltwissenschaften
• alloy
• biology
• biomonitoring
• ecology
• environmental sciences
• medicine
• Ökologie
• ecotoxicology

• Institute of Mineralogy, University of Frankurt, Frankfurg a. M., Germany

  Fathi Zereini

• Institute of Spectrochemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Dortmund, Germany

  Friedrich Alt

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