The Effects of Aging and Environment on Vision

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-viii

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2. Epidemiology, Clinical, and Psychophysical Research

   1. Visual Acuity, Aging, and Environmental Interactions: A Neuroscience Perspective

      • J. M. Ordy, T. M. Wengenack, W. P. Dunlap

      Pages 1-12

   2. Visual Environmental Impairment Scan (V.E.I.S.)

      • William E. Sleight

      Pages 13-19

   3. Environmental and Lifestyle Correlates of Good Vision in an Elderly Sample

      • A. M. Prestrude, L. G. Meyer

      Pages 21-33

   4. The Effect of Aging Upon Psychophysical Receptive Field Properties

      • Marcus D. Benedetto, Donald A. Armstrong

      Pages 35-43

   5. Age-Related Differences in Iconic Memory and Visual Attention

      • David A. Walsh

      Pages 45-56

   6. Diagnosis (and Diagnostic Needs) of Older Low Vision Patients

      • Marcus D. Benedetto

      Pages 57-62

   7. Multidisciplinary Assessments of Visual and Psychomotor Functions Essential for Driving in the Elderly

      • J. M. Ordy, G. J. Thomas, T. M. Wengenack, W. P. Dunlap, R. Kennedy

      Pages 63-84

3. Ophthalmological, Biochemical, Physiological, and Anatomical Studies

   1. Maturation and Aging are Associated with Decrements in Ubiquitin-Protein Conjugation Capability: Plausible Involvement of Impaired Proteolytic Capabilities in Cataract Formation

      • Allen Taylor, Jessica Jahngen-Hodge

      Pages 85-99

   2. Development and Age-Associated Changes in Extracellular Matrix of the Human Eye

      • Amos Ben-Zvi, Merlyn M. Rodriques, Sankaran Rajagopalan, Leslie S. Fujikawa

      Pages 101-119

   3. Role of Aldose Reductase and Effects of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors in Ocular Tissue Aging Phenomena in the Diabetic Rat

      • Brenda W. Griffin, M. L. Chandler, Louis DeSantis, B. M. York

      Pages 121-131

   4. Questioning the Nature of Age Pigment (Lipofuscin) in the Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium and its Relationship to Age-Related Macular Degeneration

      • Graig Eldred

      Pages 133-142

   5. The Effects of Age on Parallel Processing in the Human Optic Nerve

      • Alfredo A. Sadun, Michael Miao, Betty M. Johnson

      Pages 143-158

   6. Evoked Potentials and EEG Suggest CNS Inhibitory Deficits in Aging

      • Robert E. Dustman, Donald E. Shearer, Rita Y. Emmerson

      Pages 159-177

4. Environmental Hazards

   1. Macular Degeneration and the Effects of Light

      • Michael F. Marmor

      Pages 179-194

   2. Senescent Alterations in the Retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Evidence for Mechanisms Based on Nutritional Studies

      • Martin L. Katz, W. Gerald Robison Jr.

      Pages 195-208

   3. The Influence of Anticholinesterase Pesticides on Visual Motor Function: A Possible Accelerator in Aging

      • Satoshi Ishikawa

      Pages 209-217

   4. Environmental Toxicology and the Aging Visual System

      • Thomas J. Harbin

      Pages 219-225

5. Back Matter

   Pages 227-231

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This book derives from a symposium conducted in San Francisco CA, entitled "Environmental Design for Optimum Vision in the Elderly" that was sponsored by the American Aging Association, October 11-12, 1985. Presentations from this symposium comprise the core content of this volume. However, manuscripts have also been accepted from additional authors whose topics and research findings increase the scope and goals of this volume. Previously unpublished data is found in several of the chapters. In addition new data and references have been incorporated at the end of chapters in order to provide a current update of the subject. The broad aims of the papers in this volume were to examine the effects of various environmental factors, long-term occupational hazards, and toxins on basic visual functions in relation to physiological, biochemical, morphological, and pathological alterations in the eye and visual pathways, and centers of the brain. As part of the more specific aims of this volume, the editors have provided the following framework for the specific topics included in this volume: I) Epidemiology, Clinical and Psychophysical Research, II) Ophthalmological, Biochemical, Physiological and Anatomical studies, and III) Environmental Hazards.

• aging
• assessment
• eye
• macular degeneration
• protein
• retina
• senescence
• toxicology

• Department of Medical Technology and Program in Nuclear Medicine Technology, School of Health Related Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, UB Clinical Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, USA

  Donald Armstrong

• Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, USA

  Michael F. Marmor

• Department of Biology, Fisons Pharmaceutical Corporation, Divisional Research and Development, Rochester, USA

  J. Mark Ordy

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