Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Study of the Distribution of Reverberation over Doppler Frequencies in a Deep-Sea Bistatic Experiment

  • OCEAN ACOUSTICS. HYDROACOUSTICS
  • Published:
Acoustical Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The paper describes the results of an experiment on studying long-range surface reverberation in the deep-water part of the Black Sea. The experiment employed tone pulses with a filling frequency of 2 kHz and a duration sufficient for narrowband spectral analysis. The source and receiver of acoustic signals were spatially offset in the water area; therefore, directional reception and time strobing made it possible to study different situations: forward scattering, bistatic scattering, and monostatic (back) scattering. The paper analyzes the Doppler scattering spectra for different values of the bistatic scattering angle.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. An acoustic signal that hits the first analysis window, which we call the direct signal, in fact contains the arrivals of a set of modes or rays, which cannot be separated for typical values of the duration and resolving power of signals used in long-range acoustic communications.

  2. Note that vector receivers may help in resolving the given ambiguity, but here such receivers were not applied.

  3. It is not a surface wave with frequency (1) that is resonant, but a wave with frequency (2) for β = 60°, and this results in the 1.5 dB correction.

REFERENCES

  1. M. Badiey, A. Song, and K. B. Smith, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 132 (4), EL290 (2012).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. P. A. Walree, T. Jenserud, and R. Otnes, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128 (5), 329 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. A. A. Lunkov, S. A. Pereselkov, and V. G. Petnikov, Acoust. Phys. 54 (6), 844 (2008).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. A. A. Lunkov, Acoust. Phys. 61 (5), 547 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Jenserud and S. Ivansson, IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. 40 (4), 807 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. L.M. Brekhovskikh and Yu. P. Lysanov, Fundamentals of Ocean Acoustics. (Springer, New York, 2002).

  7. R. J. Urik, Principles of Underwater Sound, 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York, Toronto, 1975; Sudostroenie, Leningrad, 1978).

  8. B. M. Salin and M. B. Salin, Acoust. Phys. 57 (6), 833 (2011).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. P. M. Ogden and F. T. Erskine, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95 (2), 746 (1994).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. T. H. Neighbors and L. Bjerne, Hydroacoustics 4, 181 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  11. B. M. Salin, O. N. Kemarskaya, P. A. Molchanov, and M. B. Salin, Acoust. Phys. 63 (3), 338 (2017).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. A. Thorpe, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London 304, 155 (1982).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. A. V. Lebedev and B. M. Salin, Acoust. Phys. 50 (6), 704 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. B. M. Salin, E. L. Borodina, and M. B. Salin, in Proc. 22th Session of Russian Acoustic Society (Geos, Moscow, 2010), Vol. 2, p. 305.

  15. B. C. Averbakh, L. F. Bondar’, V. N. Golubev, V. Yu. Gol’dblat, L. S. Dolin, A. G. Nechaev, K. E. Pigalov, G. E. Smirnov, and E. I. Tumaeva, Akust. Zh. 36 (6), 1119 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  16. B. M. Salin and M. B. Salin, Acoust. Phys. 64 (2), 196 (2018).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. B. M. Salin and M. B. Salin, Acoust. Phys. 62 (5), 575 (2016).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. B. M. Salin and M. B. Salin, Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics, 58 (3), 185 (2015).

  19. M. B. Salin, A. S. Dosaev, A. I. Konkov, and B. M. Salin. Acoust. Phys. 60 (4), 442 (2014).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. I. B. Andreeva, Akust. Zh. 41 (5), 699 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank V.V. Bakhanov, O.S. Bol’shakov, V.V. Gorbatskii, and D.A. Nikitin for assistance in conducting the experimental studies; the authors also thank A.Yu. Kazarova, P.I. Korotin, and B.M. Salin for valuable discussions. The experimental studies were organized by the Future Research Foundation. Equipment for the research was developed within the Program of the basic scientific research of the state academies of sciences (ref. no. 12.18). Research for Sections 2 and 3 was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 14-17-00667).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

    M. B. Salin, O. A. Potapov, A. V. Stulenkov & D. D. Razumov

Authors
  1. M. B. Salin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. O. A. Potapov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. V. Stulenkov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. D. D. Razumov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. B. Salin.

Additional information

Translated by A. Carpenter

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Salin, M.B., Potapov, O.A., Stulenkov, A.V. et al. Study of the Distribution of Reverberation over Doppler Frequencies in a Deep-Sea Bistatic Experiment. Acoust. Phys. 65, 52–59 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S106377101901010X

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S106377101901010X

Keywords:

Search

Navigation