Skip to main content
Log in

Revised Diagnoses, Nomenclature, Distribution and Key for Identification of the Species of the Indo-Pacific Genus Laeops (Bothidae)

  • Published:
Journal of Ichthyology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study provides updated species definitions for the genus Laeops based on character states outlined in original descriptions and found in examined type and non-type specimens. Nine species are granted full species status. Three synonyms are proposed, L. kitaharae, L. sinusarabici and L. tungkongensis. Lectotypes for L. lanceolata, L. nigrescens, L. nigromaculatus, L. parviceps and L. pectoralis are designated. Information on diagnostic characters, morphometry, studied material and photographs of each species are presented. Distribution ranges of Laeops species are herein updated. An identification key for valid species of Laeops is provided.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.
Fig. 11.
Fig. 12.
Fig. 13.
Fig. 14.
Fig. 15.
Fig. 16.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Alcock, A.W., Natural history notes from H. M. Indian marine survey steamer “Investigator”, Commander A. Carpenter, R.N., D.S.O., commanding. No. 10. List of the Pleuronectidae obtained in the Bay of Bengal in 1888 and 1889, with descriptions of new and rare species, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1889, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 279–295.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alcock, A.W., Natural history notes from H.M. Indian marine survey steamer Investigator, Commander R.F. Hoskyn, R. N., commanding. No. 16. On the bathybial fishes collected in the Bay of Bengal during the season 1889–1890, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1890a, vol. 6, no. 33, pp. 197–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Alcock, A.W., Natural history notes from H.M. Indian marine survey steamer Investigator, Commander R.F. Hoskyn, R. N., commanding. No. 20. On some undescribed shore-fishes from the Bay of Bengal, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1890b, vol. 6, pp. 425–443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Alcock, A.W., Illustrations of the Zoology of the Royal Indian Marine Surveying Steamer “Investigator,” Commander R.F. Hoskyn, R.N., Commanding. Fishes, Calcutta, 1898, part 5.

  5. Alcock, A.W., A Descriptive Catalogue of the Indian Deep-Sea Fishes in the Indian Museum, Being a Revised Account of the Deep-Sea Fishes Collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator, Calcutta: Trustees Indian Mus., 1899.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  6. Amaoka, K., Studies on the sinistral flounders found in the waters around Japan. Taxonomy, anatomy and phylogeny, J. Shimonoseki Univ. Fish., 1969, vol. 18, pp. 65–340.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Amaoka, K. and Ho, H.-C., The lefteye flounder family Bothidae (Order Pleuronectiformes) of Taiwan, Zootaxa, 2019, vol. 4702, no. 1, pp. 155–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Amaoka, K., Mihara, E., and Rivaton, J., Pisces, Pleuronectiformes: flatfishes from the waters around New Caledonia. A revision of the genus Engyprosopon, in Résultats des Campagnes Musorstom, Mem. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. 174, Séret, B., Ed., Paris, 1993, vol. 17, pp. 377–426.

  9. Bogorodsky, S.V., Alpermann, T.J., Mal, A.O., and Gabr, M.H., Survey of demersal fishes from southern Saudi Arabia, with five new records for the Red Sea, Zootaxa, 2014, vol. 3852, no. 4, pp. 401–437.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Chabanaud, P., Description d’un nouveau Laeops (Pleuronectiformes Bothidae) de la Mer Rouge (Mission R. Ph. Dollfus), Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Ser. 2, 1968, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 838–845.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Chen, J.T.F. and Weng, H.T.C., A review of the flatfishes of Taiwan. Biol. Bull. Tunghai Unive., Ichthyol. Ser., 1965, vol. 5, pp. 1–103.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dor, M., Nouveaux poissons pour la faune de la Mer Rouge, Bull. Sea Fish. Res. St., Haifa, 1970, vol. 54, pp. 7–28.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References, Version 03/2020, Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W.N., and van der Laan, R., Eds., 2020. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/ research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp.

  14. Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, Nakabo, T., Ed., Tokyo: Tokai Univ. Press, 2002, vol. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Fishes of Taiwan, Shen, S.-C., Ed., Taipei: Natl. Taiwan Univ., 1993.

  16. Fowler, H.W., Descriptions of new fishes obtained 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proc. Acad. Nat. Scie. Philadelphia, 1934, vol. 85, no. 1933, pp. 233–367.

  17. Franz, V., Die japanischen Knochenfische der Sammlungen Haberer und Doflein (Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens), Abh., Bayer. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., 1910, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–135.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Gloerfelt-Tarp, T. and Kailola, P.J., Trawled Fishes of Southern Indonesia and Northwestern Australia, Canberra: Austral. Dev. Assist. Bureau, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Günther, A.C.L.G., Report on the Deep-sea Fishes Collected by H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873–1876, Rep. Sci. Res. Voyage Challenger vol. 22, no. 57, London, 1887.

  20. Hensley, D.A., Family no. 259: Bothidae, in Smiths’ Sea Fishes, Smith M.M. and Heemstra P.C. Eds., Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986, pp. 854–863.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hensley, D.A. and Amaoka, K., Bothidae, in FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes, The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific, Vol. 6: Bony Fishes, Part 4: Labridae to Latimeriidae, Estuarine Crocodiles, Carpenter, K.E. and Niem, V., Eds., Rome: UN Food Agric. Org., 2001, pp. 3799–3841.

  22. Ho, H.-C., Lin, C.-C., Ju, Y.-M., Wang S.-I., Shao, K.-T., and Chang, C.-W., Specimen catalog of the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium transferred from Tunghai University, I. Order Pleuronectiformes, Platax, 2009, vol. 6, pp. 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hubbs, C.L., Flounders and soles from Japan collected by the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamer “Albatross” in 1906, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1915, vol. 48, no. 2082, pp. 449–496.

  24. Jordan, D.S. and Hubbs, C.L., Record of fishes obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan, 1922, Mem. Carnegie Mus., 1925, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 93–346.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Jordan, D.S., Tanaka, S., and Snyder, J.O., A catalogue of the fishes of Japan, J. Coll. Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo, 1913, vol. 33, pp. 1–479.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kaga, T. and Amaoka, K., A postlarva of Laeops nigromaculatus (Bothidae: Pleuronectiformes) collected off Shirahama, Wakayama Prefecture, southern Japan, Jpn. J. Ichthiol., 2003, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 131–135.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kamohara, T., On the Offshore Bottom-Fishes of Prov. Tosa, Shikoku, Japan, Tokyo: Maruzen Kobushiki Kaisha, 1938, pp. 1–86.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kotthaus, A., Fische des Indischen Ozeans. Ergebnisse der ichthyologischen Untersuchungen während der Expedition des Forschungsschiffes “Meteor” in den Indischen Ozean, Oktober 1964 bis Mai 1965. A. Systematischer Teil, XX. Pleuronectiformes (Heterosomata), ”Meteor” Forschungsergeb., Reihe D, 1977, no. 26, pp. 1–20.

  29. Kuroda, N., On the life colors of some fishes—XIV, Jpn. J. Ichthyol., 1962, vol. 10, pp. 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Li, S.-Z. and Wang, H.-M., Fauna Sinica. Osteichthyes. Pleuronectiformes, Beijing: Science Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Lloyd, R.E., Contributions to the fauna of the Arabian Sea, with descriptions of new fishes and crustacean, Rec. Ind. Mus. (Calcutta), 1907, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Masuda, H., Amaoka, K., Araga, C., Uyeno, T. and Yoshino, T., The Fishes of the Japanese Archipelago, Tokyo: Tokai Univ. Press, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Munroe, T.A., Systematic diversity of the Pleuronectiformes, in Flatfishes: Biology and Exploitation, Gibson, R.N., Ed., Oxford: Blackwell, 2015, ch. 2, pp. 10–41.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Norman, J.R., The flatfishes (Heterosomata) of India, with a list of the specimens in the Indian Museum. Part. I, Rec. Ind. Mus. (Calcutta), 1927, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 7–48.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Norman, J.R., LXIX—Notes on flatfishes (Heterosomata)—I. Notes on flatfishes of the family Bothidæ in the British Museum, with descriptions of three new species, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 1931, vol. 8, no. 47, pp. 507–510.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Norman, J.R., A Systematic Monograph of the Flatfishes (Heterostoma), Vol. 1: Psettotidae, Bothidae, Pleuronectidae, London: Br. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1934.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Ohashi, Y. and Motomura, H., Pleuronectiform fishes of northern Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, Nat. Kagoshima, 2011, vol. 37, pp. 71–118.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Smith, J.L.B., Two flatfishes new to South and East Africa, J. Nat. Hist., 1967, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 457–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Smith, H.M. and Pope, T.E.B., List of fishes collected in Japan in 1903, with descriptions of new genera and species, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1906, vol. 31, no. 1489, pp. 459–499.

  40. von Bonde, C., The Heterosomata (Flat Fishes) Collected by the S.S. “Pickle,” Rep. Fish. Mar. Biol. Surv., vol. 2, no. 1, Cape Town: Union of South Africa, 1922, pp. 1–29.

  41. Voronina, E.P., Prokofiev, A.M., and Prirodina, V.P., Review of the flatfishes of Vietnam in the collection of Zoological Institute, Saint Petersburg, Tr. Zool. Inst., Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2016, vol. 320, no. 4, pp. 381–430.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Voronina, E.P., Raredon, S., and Maclaine, J., Taxonomic status of three nominal species of Indo-Pacific flatfishes (Bothidae) with redescription of Japonolaeops gracilis, new combination, J. Ichthyol., 2020, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 520−530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Wu, H.-W. and Tang, S.-F., Notes on the fishes of Heterosomata from Hainan, Sinensia, 1935, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 391–397.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors extend sincere gratitude to Zora Gabsi and Jonathan Pfliger (MNHN) and Elena Pavlova (ZIN) for supplying the material examined and to Romain Causse (MNHN) for providing information on the specimen collecting. Special thanks to Thomas Munroe for his valuable suggestion and to Kevin Webb and Lucie Goodayle (BMNH Photo Unit) for providing photographs of type specimens. We are also indebted to the following individuals and institutions for the photographs and radiographs of specimens: S. Mishra (ZSI), David Catania and Jon Fong (CAS), Mark Sabaj Perez and Kyle Luckenbill (ANSP), Roger Bills (SAIAB). The first author extends appreciation to Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) and to Prof. Guy Duhamel, Director of the Département Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques for providing laboratory space and equipment and for financial assistance that provided opportunities to conduct research into its respective fish collections and libraries.

Funding

The study was supported in part by a State Assignment АААА-А17-117030310197-7.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. P. Voronina.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Statement on the welfare of animals. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Additional information

The article is translated by the authors.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Voronina, E.P., Maclaine, J., Raredon, S. et al. Revised Diagnoses, Nomenclature, Distribution and Key for Identification of the Species of the Indo-Pacific Genus Laeops (Bothidae). J. Ichthyol. 60, 801–827 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945220060107

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945220060107

Keywords:

Navigation