Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Rapid Variations in Electron Density Profiles in the Ionosphere Detected with the IZMIRAN High-Speed Ionosonde

  • Published:
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The article presents a new technique for the measurement of rapid variations in electron density in the ionosphere based on the rapid obtainment of vertical sounding ionograms. The new technique uses broadband pulse signals, the spectrum of which can simultaneously cover the entire range of sounding frequencies. This leads to a reduction in the ionogram recording time. The technique has been implemented at the Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation (IZMIRAN) of the Russian Academy of Sciences in an experimental setup with the Bazis-M ionosonde and other industrial equipment. A significant reduction in the recording time of one ionogram has been achieved, down to ~2 s. A series of observations of rapid natural changes in the parameters of the ionosphere has been carried out on this experimental setup. Stratification of F1 and F2 layers of the ionosphere has been studied with the use of a numerical algorithm for solving the inverse sounding problem. It is shown that local disturbances of the electron density profile of ~5%, which can move downward at a speed of ~50 m/s, occur in a weakly disturbed, midlatitude ionosphere. It is also found that the electron density profiles can perform cyclic vertical motions with an amplitude of ~5 km and a period of ~90 s in the case of horizontal stratification.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.
Fig. 11.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Acasofu, S.J., Chapman, S., and Meng, C.-I., The polar electrojet, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 1965, vol. 27, nos. 11–12, pp. 1275–1305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Afraimovich, E.L., Lesyuta, O.G., Perevalova, N.P., Pirog, O.M., Smirnov, V.F., Zikrach, E.K., and Bondar, E.D., Study of the main ionospheric trough based on data of the GPS and ionospheric stations in the Yakutsk region, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 203–208.

  3. Afraimovich, E.L., Voeikov, S.V., Perevalova, N.P., and Ratovsky, K.G., Large-scale disturbances of auroral origin during strong magnetic storms of October 29–31, 2003, and November 7–11, 2004, according to the data of the GPS network and ionosondes, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2006, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 603–608.

  4. Akchurin, A.D., Sherstyukov, O.N., and Zykov, E.Yu., Effects of planetary waves in parameters of the midlatitude sporadic E layer, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2009, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 519–523.

  5. Akchurin, A.D., Yusupov, K.M., Sherstyukov, O.N., and Il’diryakov, V.R., Identification of fast and small-scale inhomogeneities on 1-min ionograms of the Tsiklon ionosonde, Geliogeofizicheskie issledovaniya (Heliogeophysical Studies), vol. 4: Tekhnologii i rezul’taty zondirovaniya ionosfery i rasprostraneniya radiovoln (Technologies and Results of Ionospheric Sounding and Radio Wave Propagation), 2013, pp. 101–110.

  6. Antonova, P.A., Ivanov-Kholodnyi, G.S., and Chertoprud, V.E., Aeronomiya sloya E. Uchet variatsii UF-izlucheniya Solntsa i geomagnitnykh vozmushchenii (Aeronomy of the E Layer. The Use of Solar UV-Radiation and Geomagnetic Disturbances), Moscow: Yanus, 1996.

  7. Blagoveshchenskaya, N.F., Blagoveshchenskii, D.V., Kornienko, V.A., Borisova, T.D., Moskvin, I.V., Bernikova, M.Yu., and Yanzhura, A.S., Ionospheric effects during the main phase of the magnetic storm of November 20, 2003,in the European Arctic regions, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 60–70.

  8. Boyarchuk, K.A., Ivanov-Kholodny, G.S., Kolomiitsev, O.P., Krasheninnikov, I.V., and Leshchenko, L.N., Response of the midlatitude ionosphere to extreme solar events in October–November 2003, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 80–86.

  9. Danilkin, N.P. and Mal’tseva, O.A., Ionosfernye radiovolny. Teoriya, algoritmy, programmy (Ionospheric Radio Waves: Theory, Algorithms, and Programs), Rostov-on-Don: Rost. univ., 1977. DPS-4D Operation Manual, Version 1.2.6. http://www.digisonde.com/dps-4dmanual.html.

  10. Galkin, A.I., Erofeev, N.M., Kazimirovskii, E.S., and Kokaurov, V.D., Ionosfernye izmereniya (Ionospheric Measurements), Moscow: Nauka, 1971.

  11. Ginzburg, V.L., Rasprostranenie elektromagnitnykh voln v plazme (Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Plasma), Moscow: Nauka, 1967.

  12. Haldoupis, C. and Pancheva, D., Planetary waves and midlatitude sporadic E layers: Strong experimental evidence for a close relationship, J. Geophys. Res., 2002, vol. 107, no. A6. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JA000212

  13. Hines, O.O., Internal atmospheric gravity waves at ionospheric heights, Can. J. Phys., 1960, vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 1441–1481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ivanov-Kholodnyi, G.S. and Nusinov, A.A., Formation and dynamics of the daytime midlatitude E layer of the ionosphere, Tr. Instituta prikladnoi geofiziki (Transactions of the Institute of Applied Geophysics), Moscow: Goskomgidromet, 1979, vol. 37.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kalikhman, A.D., Modeling of midlatitude F-scattering ionograms, Geomagn. Aeron., 1991, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 126–132.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kim, V.Yu., Numerical solution of the inverse problem of multifrequency Doppler sounding of artificial disturbance of electron content in the ionosphere, Vzaimodeistvie vysokochastotnykh radiovoln s ionosferoi (High-Frequency Radiowave Interaction with the Ionosphere), Moscow: IZMIRAN, 1989, pp. 55–64.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kol’tsov, V.V., Mirokhin, A.M., and Panova, I.N., Primary signal processing in the ionospheric radiosounding mode, Tsifrovye ionozondy i ikh primenenie (Digital Ionosondes and Their Application), Moscow: IZMIRAN, 1986, pp. 22–29.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kozina, P.E., Geomagnetic effect of stratifications in ionospheric E–F regions, Ionosfernye volnovye vozmushcheniya (Ionospheric Wave Disturbances), Alma-Ata: Nauka, 1989, pp. 186–190.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Laryunin, O.A., Numerical synthesis of sickle-shaped features on ionograms in the framework of the combined parabolic layer model, Tr. 25 konferentsii VKRR (Proceedings of the 25th Conference VKRR), Tomsk, 2016, vol. 1, pp. 185–188.

  20. Lobachevsky, L.A., Gruzdev, Yu.V., Kim, V.Yu., et al., Observations of ionospheric modification by the Ttromsø heating facility with the mobile diagnostic equipment of IZMIRAN, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 1992, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 75–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Pirog, O.M., Polekh, N.M., Chistyakova, L.V., and Blagoveshchenskii, D.V., Ionospheric manifestations of the magnetic storm on May 15–16, 1997, in different longitudinal sectors of the Northern Hemisphere, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2003, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 63–68.

  22. Pogoda, E.V., The Bazis diagnostic ionospheric system and its modifications, Eksperimental’nye metody issledovaniya ionosfery (Experimental Methods for Ionospheric Research), Moscow: IZMIRAN, 1981, pp. 145–152.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Radiozondirovanie ionosfery sputnikovymi i nazemnymi ionozondami: Tr. Inst. Prikl.Geofiz. im. Akad. E.K. Fedorova (Radio Sounding of the Ionosphere by Satellite and Ground-Based Methods: Transactions of the Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics), vol. 87: Spetsvypusk posvyashchennyi 70-letiyu Danilkina N.P. (Issue Devoted to the 70th Anniversary of N.P. Danilkin), Avdyushin, S.I., Ed., Moscow: IPG, 2008.

  24. Radiozondirovanie ionosfery sputnikovymi i nazemnymi ionozondami: Tr. Inst. Prikl.Geofiz. im. Akad. E.K. Fedorova (Radio Sounding of the Ionosphere by Satellite and Ground-Based Methods: Transactions of the Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics), vol. 91: Spetsvypusk posvyashchennyi 70-letiyu Danilkina N.P. (Issue Devoted to the 75th Anniversary of N.P. Danilkin), Lapshin, V.B., Ed., Moscow: IPG, 2014.

  25. Sherstyukov, O.N. and Ryabchenko, E.Yu., Synoptic oscillations in the parameters of the midlatitude sporadic E layer, Geomagn. Aeron. (Engl. Transl.), 2004, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 604–609.

  26. Tikhonov, A.N., Goncharskii, A.V., Stepanov, V.V., and Yagola, A.G., Regulyariziruyushchie algoritmy i apriornaya informatsiya (Regularizing Algorithms and a priori Information), Moscow: Nauka, 1983.

  27. URSI Handbook of Ionogram Interpretation and Reduction, Boulder, Colorado: NOAA, 1972; Moscow: Nauka, 1977.

  28. Vanshtein, L.A. and Zubakov, V.D., Vydelenie signalov na fone sluchainykh pomekh (Signal Identification in the Background of Random Noises), Moscow: Sov. radio, 1960.

  29. Vasil’ev, G.V., Goncharov, L.P., Kushnerevskii, Yu.V., Migulin, V.V., and Fligel’, M.D., The IS-338 satellite system of pulse sounding of the ionosphere, Apparatura dlya issledovaniya vneshnei ionosfery (Instrumentation for Studying the Outer Ionosphere), Moscow: IZMIRAN, 1980, pp. 13–29.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Vasil’ev, K.N., Geomagnetic effect in vertical ionization shifts in the ionospheric F-region, Geomagn. Aeron., 1967, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 469–474.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Wright, J.W. and Pitteway, V.L.V., Real-time data acquisition and interpretation capabilities of the Dynasonde. 1. Data acquisition and real-time display, Radio Sci., 1979a, vol. 14, pp. 815–825.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Wright, J.W., Pitteway, V.L.V., Real-time data acquisition and interpretation capabilities of the Dynasonde. 2. Determination of magnetoionic mode and echolocation using a small spaced receiving array, Radio Sci., 1979b, vol. 14, pp. 827–835.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Wright, J.W., Paul, A.K., and Pitteway, V.L.V., On the accuracy and interpretation of Dynasonde virtual height measurements, Radio Sci., 1980, vol. 15, pp. 617–626.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Zabotin, N.A., Wright, J.W., and Zhbankov, G.A., NeXtYZ: Three-dimensional electron density inversion for Dynasonde ionograms, Radio Sci., vol. 41, RS6S32. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005RS003352

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    A. V. Branitskii, V. Yu. Kim & V. P. Polimatidi

Authors
  1. A. V. Branitskii
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Yu. Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. V. P. Polimatidi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to V. Yu. Kim or V. P. Polimatidi.

Additional information

Translated by O. Pismenov

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Branitskii, A.V., Kim, V.Y. & Polimatidi, V.P. Rapid Variations in Electron Density Profiles in the Ionosphere Detected with the IZMIRAN High-Speed Ionosonde. Geomagn. Aeron. 60, 63–79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793220010041

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793220010041

Search

Navigation