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A pooled analysis of case–control studies of thyroid cancer. VII. Cruciferous and other vegetables (International)

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between cruciferous and other vegetables and thyroid cancer risk we systematically reanalyzed the original data from 11 case–control studies conducted in the US, Asia, and Europe.

METHODS: A total of 2241 cases (1784 women, 457 men) and 3716 controls (2744 women, 972 men) were included. Odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for each study by logistic regression models, conditioned on age and sex, and adjusted for history of goiter, thyroid nodules or adenomas, and radiation. Summary ORs for all studies combined were computed as the weighted average of the estimates from each study.

RESULTS: A decreased risk for the highest level of cruciferous vegetable intake, as compared to the lowest, was observed in Los Angeles, Hawaii, Connecticut, southeastern Sweden, Tromsø, and Switzerland; the OR were above unity in Japan and Uppsala, whereas no material association was found in northern Sweden, Italy, or Greece. The OR values for all studies combined were 0.87 (95% CI 0.75–1.01) for moderate and 0.94 (95% CI 0.80–1.10) for high cruciferous vegetables intake. The results were similar in studies from iodine-rich areas and endemic goiter areas, and were consistent when the analysis was restricted to papillary carcinomas and women. The summary OR values for vegetables other than cruciferous were 1.04 (0.88–1.22) for moderate and 0.82 (0.69–0.98) for high consumption.

CONCLUSIONS: This combined analysis indicates that cruciferous vegetables are not positively related to thyroid cancer risk. Their effect does not seem to be substantially different from that of other vegetables, which appear to be protective on this cancer.

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Maria Rosaria Galanti

    Present address: Tobacco Prevention Centre, SE-141 57, Huddinge, Sweden)

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Via Eritrea, 62, 20157, Milan, Italy

    Cristina Bosetti, Eva Negri & Carlo La Vecchia

  2. Laboratory of General Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “, Mario Negri”, Via Eritrea, 62 - 20157, Milan, Italy

    Eva Negri

  3. Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96813, USA

    Laurence Kolonel

  4. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Executive Plaza South, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA

    Elaine Ron, Elaine Ron, Steven D. Mark & Charles Land

  5. Field and Intervention Studies Unit, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 693702, Lyon Cedex 08, France

    Silvia Franceschi

  6. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033-0800, USA

    Susan Preston-Martin

  7. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109-1024, USA

    Anne McTiernan

  8. Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, 33081, Aviano, PN, Italy

    Luigino Dal Maso

  9. Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732, Japan

    Kiyoiko Mabuchi & Charles Land

  10. Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, China

    Fan Jin

  11. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Health and Environment, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85, Linköping, Sweden

    Gun Wingren

  12. Department of Cancer Epidemiology, University Hospital, SE-57185, Uppsala, Sweden

    Maria Rosaria Galanti

  13. Department of Oncology, Karolinska Institute and Stockholms Sjukhem, SE-112 35, Stockholm, Sweden

    Arne Hallquist

  14. Cancer Registry of Norway, Montebello, NO-3010, Oslo, Norway

    Eystein Glattre

  15. Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, NO-9037, Tromsø, Norway

    Eiliv Lund

  16. Registre Vaudois des Tumeurs, Institut universitaire de mèdecine sociale et prèventive, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Fabio Levi

  17. Institute of Preventive Medicine, GR-145 61, Kifissia, Greece

    Dimitrios Linos

  18. Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Carlo La Vecchia

Authors
  1. Cristina Bosetti
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  2. Eva Negri
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  3. Laurence Kolonel
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  4. Elaine Ron
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  5. Silvia Franceschi
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  6. Susan Preston-Martin
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  7. Anne McTiernan
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  8. Luigino Dal Maso
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  9. Steven D. Mark
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  10. Kiyoiko Mabuchi
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  11. Charles Land
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  12. Fan Jin
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  13. Gun Wingren
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  14. Maria Rosaria Galanti
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  15. Arne Hallquist
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  16. Eystein Glattre
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  17. Eiliv Lund
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  18. Fabio Levi
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  19. Dimitrios Linos
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  20. Carlo La Vecchia
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Bosetti, C., Negri, E., Kolonel, L. et al. A pooled analysis of case–control studies of thyroid cancer. VII. Cruciferous and other vegetables (International). Cancer Causes Control 13, 765–775 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020243527152

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020243527152

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