Abstract
Cassava cultivation is cheap, with potential development under different climatic conditions. It is cultivated mainly in South America, Asia, and Africa. Cassava starch is an attractive feedstock, and has been employed as carbon source for production of butanol given its low cost and wide availability. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the production of butanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum DSMZ 792 using cassava starch as a substrate, applying Design of Experiments (DoE). Key parameters reported in the literature, such as pH and substrate concentration, were used in the evaluation trials by DoE using Rotatable Central Composite Design (RCCD) on butanol production during fermentation of cassava starch. This evaluation employed RCCD, which is a factorial scheme of treatment (22) considering four factorial design points (T1-T4), four axial points (T5-T8), and three replications on the central points (T9-T11), totaling 11 experiments. Fermentation was conducted in batch mode in 500 mL flasks, containing effective reaction volume of 300 mL. Concentrations of butanol, acetic and butyric acids were separated and analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using a column (300 mm × 7.8 mm). Data were collected and analyzed using Class-VP software. The RCCD indicated that the highest butanol production is achieved in tests performed with higher concentration of the glucose, i.e., 50.0 g L−1 and with initial pH 5.7, resulting in a butanol concentration of 4.37 g L−1. The results showed that butanol production was dependent on butyric acid re-assimilation. DoE is a powerful tool for obtaining the optimum butanol concentration for determined operation condition.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the fellowship granted to the first author, and Faepex/Unicamp and the São Paulo Research Foundation (Fapesp), process #2012/09785-8, for their financial support. We also thank Professor Adriano Pinto Mariano, from the Laboratory of Optimization, Projects and Advanced Control (LOPCA-FERM-UNICAMP), for donating the Clostridium acetobutylicum DSMZ 792 used in this study.
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da Silva, D.B., Fernandes, B.S. & da Silva, A.J. Butanol production by Clostridium acetobutylicum DSMZ 792 from cassava starch. Environmental Sustainability 5, 91–102 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-022-00218-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-022-00218-9