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Eurypsychrophilic Pseudomonas spp. isolated from Venezuelan tropical glaciers as promoters of wheat growth and biocontrol agents of plant pathogens at low temperatures

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Abstract

Andean tropical glaciers are disappearing rapidly and, consequently, the microbes immured in these frozen environments will be lost forever. Some of these microbes are thought to be potentially useful to develop biotechnological products or processes. Among these microbes, plant-growth promoting (PGP) bacteria have been proposed as valuable tools to develop cold-active biofertilizers and/or biopesticides. A few years ago, we hypothesized that bacteria immured within glacial ice could be effective in promoting plant growth and/or in protecting plants from pathogen infection, at low temperatures. In this study, we aimed at testing some of these traits, with a suitable plant model (Triticum aestivum). In the present study, from a collection of bacteria isolated from Venezuelan tropical glaciers, we selected four Pseudomonas isolates and tested their PGP effects at low temperatures, both in vitro and on wheat plantlets. The isolates grew well over a wide range of low temperatures and were thus classified as eurypsychrophilic. They also displayed well-known PGP traits: solubilization of inorganic phosphates, production of phytohormones and antagonism against a phytopathogenic oomycete (Pythium ultimum). Inoculation of T. aestivum seeds with some of these Pseudomonas spp. isolates promoted a significant elongation of their roots and shoots. This was also the case when wheat plantlets were grown in sterile sand or soil, at 15 °C. Inoculation of wheat seeds also protected plantlets against the damage caused by P. ultimum. Together, our results suggest that some of these Pseudomonas spp. isolates could act as cold-active biofertilizers and/or biocontrol agents.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Silvia Restrepo (Universidad de Los Andes, Colombia) is grateful acknowledged for its help in sequencing some of the 16S rRNA genes presented in this manuscript. We also thank Dr. Stéfano Torracchi for its assistance in producing some of the graphics included in this work. We are grateful to Dr. Eduardo Chica for its comments and suggestions. We finally thank our colleagues from the following laboratories: Laboratorios de Enzimología de Parásitos, Laboratorio de Fitobiotecnología y Laboratorio de Biología de Parásitos de la (Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela). This work was partially financed by Fondo Nacional de Ciencias, Tecnología e Innovación (FONACIT) Project No. 2011001187. JR was the beneficiary of a ULA Plan II scholarship (Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela).

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  1. Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Av. Alberto Carnevalli, Mérida, Estado Mérida, Venezuela

    Johnma J. Rondón, María M. Ball & Luis Andrés Yarzábal

  2. Laboratorio de Fitobiotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Av. Alberto Carnevalli, Mérida, Estado Mérida, Venezuela

    Luz Thais Castro

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  1. Johnma J. Rondón
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Rondón, J.J., Ball, M.M., Castro, L.T. et al. Eurypsychrophilic Pseudomonas spp. isolated from Venezuelan tropical glaciers as promoters of wheat growth and biocontrol agents of plant pathogens at low temperatures. Environmental Sustainability 2, 265–275 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-019-00072-2

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