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Further Examination of the Children’s Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (CPFQ): Convergent Validity and Age Appropriateness

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Abstract

Objectives

The present study examines the correspondence between the Children’s Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (CPFQ) and three commonly used psychological flexibility measures between a sample of neurotypical children and adults.

Methods

One hundred and one children and 106 adults completed the CPFQ, Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM), Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire-Youth (AFQ-Y), and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and results were compared within and between age groups.

Results

Correlations between scores on each measure were computed and yielded statistically significant correlations between the CPFQ and the CAMM (r = .553, p < .001), the AFQ-Y (r = − .646, p < .001), and the AAQ-II (r = − .563, p < .001).

Conclusion

The obtained measures of CPFQ suggest that the measure is appropriate for use with children and adult populations. The findings are consistent with patterns observed on established measures, establishing convergent validity among investigated measures. Implications for the age appropriateness of the language used on CPFQ and the CPFQ’s clinical utility are discussed.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the second author, JMH (jhinma2@uic.edu), upon reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA

    Chloe Lenoir

  2. Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Jessica M. Hinman, Zhihui Yi & Mark R. Dixon

Authors
  1. Chloe Lenoir
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  2. Jessica M. Hinman
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  3. Zhihui Yi
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  4. Mark R. Dixon
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Contributions

CL: conducted research, recruited participants, and helped analyze the data. JMH: helped develop the methods of the study, analyzed the data, and wrote parts of the paper. ZY: conducted data analysis and wrote parts of the paper. MRD: developed the methods of the study and collaborated in the writing and editing of the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark R. Dixon.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Research was conducted when all authors were afflicted with Southern Illinois University. The Human Subject Committee approved the study at Southern Illinois University (Protocol number 19266).

Informed Consent

Consent was obtained for all participants. Assent was obtained by the parents of all participants under the age of 18.

Conflict of Interest

Mark R. Dixon receives small royalties from the book that the CPFQ originally published. The CPFQ in its entirety is available free online at https://www.acceptidentifymove.com. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.

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Lenoir, C., Hinman, J.M., Yi, Z. et al. Further Examination of the Children’s Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (CPFQ): Convergent Validity and Age Appropriateness. Adv Neurodev Disord 6, 224–233 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-022-00259-5

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