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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Euphorbia and its biological activities

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Abstract

Nanotechnology is important in all fields of science. Silver nanoparticles, among the many metal nanoparticles, play an essential role in a wide range of applications in diverse fields. Nanoparticles are created using a variety of physical and chemical approaches. Synthesis utilising plant extracts, on the other hand, appears to be more important because it avoids the drawbacks of traditional procedures, such as time-consuming, high-energy needs, and the use of dangerous chemicals. Plant extract-based silver nanoparticle synthesis is usually eco-friendly, environmentally benign, low-cost, and readily scaled up for large-scale synthesis, and it is always preferable due to its advantages over other conventional approaches. Euphorbia plants are therapeutic as well as pharmacologically important. They contain a variety of phytoconstituents with a wide range of possible bioactivities and functional groups. Proper awareness of the participation of phytometabolites during the creation of nanoparticles is highly advised for better nanotechnology advancements. Previous research on the Euphorbia genus indicated phytoconstituents’ potential applications in a variety of disciplines. Due to the scarcity of research in this subject, the manufacture of silver nanoparticles and subsequent analysis of the role of phytometabolites will be extremely beneficial. The utilisation of several extracts from different Euphorbia plant species for the green production of silver nanoparticles is discussed here. Different phytochemicals involved in the nanoparticles’ synthetic mechanism and phytoconstituents that act as stabilising, capping agents during nanoparticle production are also described. The bioactivities of the produced silver nanoparticles varied, with antibacterial characteristics being the most important. In this review, the antifungal, antiparasitic, nematicidal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial, antioxidant, and larvicidal capabilities of biosynthesised silver nanoparticles are briefly discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).

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  1. Cell and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, 673635, India

    V. P. Sameena & J. E. Thoppil

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Correspondence to V. P. Sameena.

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Sameena, V.P., Thoppil, J.E. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Euphorbia and its biological activities. Nanotechnol. Environ. Eng. 7, 377–392 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41204-022-00232-6

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