Abstract
Casting defects caused by the core gas evolution impair the performance of a machine. The estimation of core gas evolution and core out-gassing are necessary for thin-wall high-pressure castings with complicated actual size core systems. The development of our patented device for core out-gassing made possible a systematical approach for the vent design of core out-gassing in the design stage of the core shape and the mold concepts of casting, such as engine parts with complicated core systems. Experimental procedures and analytical reviews on the relative performance evaluation of suction routes of core gas were attempted with aluminum thin-wall cylinder head casting. Also, two different distributions of particle sizes of core sand were evaluated in order to review effects of fine particle of core sand on core out-gassing. The device developed for core out-gassing in this study was composed of a chamber, a vacuum pump, pressure sensors, and a data logger.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Campbell, Castings, 2nd edn. (Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2003), p. 201
I.J. Frawley, W.F. Moore, A.I. Kiesler, Simulating mold-metal reaction in a small laboratory test. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 82, 561–570 (1974)
B. Hernandez, J.F. Wallace, Mechanism of pinhole formation in gray iron. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 87, 335–348 (1979)
P. Scarber Jr., C.E. Bates, J. Griffin, Effects of mold and binder formulations on gas evolution when pouring aluminum castings. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 114, 435–445 (2006)
R.L. Naro, R.L. Pelfrey, Gas evolution of synthetic core binders. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 91, 365–376 (1983)
G. Samuels, C. Beckermann, Measurement of gas evolution from PUNB bonded sand as a function of temperature. Int. Metalcast. 6, 23 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355525
R.A. Worman, J.R. Nieman, A mathematical system for exercising preventive control over core gas defects in gray iron castings. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 81, 170–179 (1973)
P. Scarber Jr., C.E. Bates, J. Griffin, Avoiding gas defects through mold and core package design. Mod. Cast. 96, 38–40 (2006)
J.B. Caine, R.E. Toepke, Gas pressure and venting of cores. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 74, 19–22 (1966)
L. Xue, M.C. Carter, A.V. Catalina, Z. Lin, C. Qiu, C. Li, Numerical simulation of core gas defects in steel castings. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 122, 259–263 (2014)
S. Ravi, J. Thiel, Prediction of core gas pressure from chemically bonded sand molds using process simulation software. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 125, 313–320 (2017)
A. Starobin, D. Goettsch, M. Walker et al., Gas pressure in aluminum block water jacket cores. Int. Metalcast. 5, 57 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355518
Y. Yamamoto, K. Yonekura, H. Iwahori, Countermeasures against casting defects by use of gas pressure measurement. Imono 61, 888–894 (1989)
L. Winardi, H.E. Littleton, C.E. Bates, Gas pressures in sand cores. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 115, 303–312 (2007)
L. Winardi, R.D. Griffin, H.E. Littleton, J.A. Griffin, Variables affecting gas evolution rates and volume from cores in contact with molten metal. Am. Foundry Soc. Trans. 116, 505–522 (2008)
J.S. Hirschhorn, Introduction to Powder Metallurgy (American Powder Metallurgy Institute, Princeton, 1969), p. 127
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by a Research Grant of Pukyong National University (2019year).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, HJ. Systematical Approach for Vent Design of Core Out-Gassing Through Development of an Inventive Evaluation Device. Inter Metalcast 13, 890–896 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-019-00309-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-019-00309-0