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Microalgae Biofilm and Bacteria Symbiosis in Nutrient Removal and Carbon Fixation from Wastewater: a Review

  • Biology and Pollution (R Boopathy and Y Hong, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Pollution Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The utilization of attached microalgae and bacteria to degrade wastewater has become a more promising treatment process to replace traditional methods. That is because the algae-bacteria biofilm can not only remove nutrients from the water but also achieve the effect of carbon fixation. Besides, the attached microalgae are easy to harvest and can be used for the processing of high value-added products. This paper reviews the knowledge of microalgae biofilm combined with bacteria to treat wastewater and provides insights into the bioremediation of the ecosystem by algae and bacteria.

Recent Findings

Due to the photosynthesis of algae and the oxidative decomposition of bacteria, the symbiotic system of algae biofilm and bacteria from wastewater has significant advantages in harvesting and degradation. To further improve wastewater utilization efficiency and carbon fixation, it is necessary to understand the algae-bacteria symbiotic system of mechanism and influencing factors of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and carbon fixation. The photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation is gradually developed and optimized, laying a solid foundation for actual production and application.

Summary

The algae-bacteria symbiotic system is more effective compared to individual microalgae treatment since the algae-bacteria biofilm has better removal efficiency and adsorption capacity as well as easy to harvest. This article introduces the mechanism and influencing factors of the algae-bacteria symbiotic system to remove nutrients and organic pollutants from water in detail. Furthermore, the research progress of photobioreactors is summarized as well. Finally, the application prospect of microalgae biofilm in wastewater treatment was prospected.

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Funding

This research is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52071030) and National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFC3200602).

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  1. Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Xiaoyan Wang & Yu Hong

  2. Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Xiaoyan Wang & Yu Hong

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Wang, X., Hong, Y. Microalgae Biofilm and Bacteria Symbiosis in Nutrient Removal and Carbon Fixation from Wastewater: a Review. Curr Pollution Rep 8, 128–146 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-022-00214-x

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