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Management of Patients During Acute Reaction Induced by Drugs

  • Drug Allergy (L Mayorga, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Treatment Options in Allergy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of review

Anaphylaxis is the most severe form of an allergic reaction and is characterized by being rapid in onset with potentially life-threatening airway, breathing, or circulatory problems; medications are able to provoke immediate acute reactions whose severity varies from mild (i.e., urticaria) to severe reactions (anaphylaxis). The management and prevention of anaphylactic reactions represent a crucial challenge for allergists that must perfectly know the symptoms and the best treatments of this severe disease.

Recent findings

Acute treatment of anaphylaxis is based on the immediate administration of adrenaline, which represents the drug of choice and should be given immediately to any patient with suspected anaphylaxis. In case of drug-induced anaphylaxis, the allergological work up includes skin tests, in vitro tests, and drug challenges. Desensitization safely permits the administration of the needed medication and provides a temporary tolerance to the drugs that patients have presented immediate reactions to, including anaphylaxis and delayed reactions non-SCARS (severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions).

Summary

First of all, this review focuses on the best treatment of anaphylaxis provoked by drugs and underlines the allergological work up of the patients. In the second part, special conditions, such as anaphylaxis during chemotherapy or radio contrast media (RCM) administration or in patients with mastocytosis, are analyzed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Allergy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Scuro 1, Verona, Italy

    Patrizia Bonadonna MD & Alessandra Arcolaci MD

  2. Medicine Ward Borgo Mantovano Hospital, Medical Department, ASST of Mantova, Mantua, Italy

    Mauro Pagani MD

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  1. Patrizia Bonadonna MD
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  2. Mauro Pagani MD
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  3. Alessandra Arcolaci MD
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Correspondence to Patrizia Bonadonna MD.

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Patrizia Bonadonna declares that he has no conflict of interest. Mauro Pagani declares that he has no conflict of interest. Alessandra Arcolaci declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Bonadonna, P., Pagani, M. & Arcolaci, A. Management of Patients During Acute Reaction Induced by Drugs. Curr Treat Options Allergy 6, 504–518 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40521-019-00226-x

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