Abstract
The present study aimed at the characterization of rice landraces collected from the state of Goa for their utilization in breeding programs. Eighteen landraces of rice were collected from the remote villages of Goa during the survey conducted between 2010 and 2013 along with passport data and traditional knowledge. All the 18 landraces were characterized for 27 qualitative and 16 quantitative characters as per the DUS guidelines. They were also screened for salt tolerance at seedling stage under microplot conditions. Qualitative characters were analyzed using Shannon diversity and Cluster analysis, whereas quantitative characters were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). Shannon diversity index ranged from 0.00 to 1.00 with a mean of 0.60. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into two major clusters with three subclusters in each of the main cluster with a Jaccard similarity coefficient varying between 0.38 and 0.87. PCA has revealed four major components (eigenvalue > 1), which altogether explained 80.60% of the total variation. Phenotyping for salt stress at seedling stage grouped the landraces as highly tolerant (Korgut-red), moderately tolerant (Shidde, Korgut-black) and sensitive to highly sensitive. Information generated from this study would be useful in selecting landrace collections as donors in breeding new varieties.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alvares C (2002) Fish curry and rice: a source book on Goa, its ecology and life-style. A Goa Foundation Publication, Mapusa, pp 94–109
Arunachalam V, Jerard BA, Damodaran V, Ratnambal MJ, Kumaran PM (2005) Phenotypic diversity of foliar traits in coconut germplasm. Genet Resour Crop Evol 52:1031–1037
Bisne R, Sarawgi AK (2008) Agro-morphological and quality characterization of Badshah bhog group from aromatic rice germplasm of Chhattisgarh. Bangladesh J Agric Res 33:479–492
Ghalain SS (2006) Genetic divergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes grown in Kamaun Himalaya. Indian J Genet 66:37–38
Hanamaratti NG, Prashanthi SK, Salimath PM, Hanchinal RR, Mohankumar HD, Parameshwarappa KG, Raikar SD (2008) Traditional landraces of rice in Karnataka: reservoirs of valuable traits. Curr Sci 94:242–247
Hien NL, Sarhadi WA, Hirata Y, Oikawa Y (2007) Genetic diversity of morphological responses and relationships among Asia aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Tropics 16:343–355
IRRI (International Rice Research Institute) (1997) Rice Almanac. IRRI-WARDA-CIAT, Los Baños
Krishnamurthy SL, Sharma SK, Kumar V, Tiwari S, Batra V, Singh NK (2014) Assessment of genetic diversity in rice genotypes for salinity tolerance using Saltol markers of chromosome 1. Indian J Genet 74:243–247
Latha M, Nizar AM, Abraham Z, John JK, Nair RA, Mani S, Datta M (2013) Rice landraces of Kerala state of India: a documentation. Int J Biodivers Conserv 5:250–263
Li X, Yan W, Agrama H, Hu B, Jia L, Jia M, Jackson A, Moldenhauer K, McClung A, Wu D (2010) Genotypic and phenotypic characterization on genetic differentiation and diversity in the USDA rice mini-core collection. Genetica 138:1221–1230
Lin MS (1991) Genetic base of japonica rice varieties released in Taiwan. Euphytica 56:43–46
Manohara KK, Chattopadhyay K, Marndi BC, Singh ON, Singh NP (2015) KORGUT—(IC0599689; INGR14055), a rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm from Goa State, with distinct character of tolerance to salinity stress at seedling stage. Indian J Plant Genet Resour 28:366–367
Manohara KK, Singh NP (2015) Genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under coastal salinity conditions of Goa. J Indian Soc Coast Agric Res 33:34–39
Mathure S, Shaikh A, Renuka N, Wakte K, Jawali N, Thengane R, Nadaf A (2011) Characterization of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm and correlation between their agronomic and quality traits. Euphytica 179:237–246
Nachimuthu VV, Robin S, Ravendran M, Sudhakar D, Rajeswari S, Manonmani S (2014) Evaluation of rice genetic diversity and variability in a population panel by principal component analysis. Indian J Sci Technol 7:1555–1562
Nascimento WF, Silva EF, Veasey EA (2011) Agro-morphological characterization of upland rice accessions. Sci Agric (Piracicab, Braz) 68:652–660
Nayak AR, Chaudhary D, Reddy JN (2004) Genetic divergence in scented rice. Oryza 41:79–82
Pachauri V, Taneja N, Vikram P, Singh NK, Singh S (2013) Molecular and morphological characterisation of Indian farmers rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.). AJCS 7:923–932
Prasanna BM (2010) Phenotypic and molecular diversity of maize landraces: characterization and utilization. Indian J Genet 79:315–327
Rabara RC, Ferrer MC, Diaz CL, Newingham CV, Romero GO (2014) Phenotypic diversity of farmers’ traditional rice varieties in the Philippines. Agronomy 4:217–241
Rajanna MP, Gangappa E, Mahadevu P, Nandini B, Ramesh S, Deepak CA, Prasad GK (2014) Collection, characterization, conservation and utilization of traditional rice varieties of Karnataka. Indian J Genet 74:674–677
Rani NS, Rao LVS, Viraktamath BC (2006) National guideline for the conduct of tests for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability. Directorate of Rice Research (ICAR), pp 1–39
Roy S, Banerjee A, Mawkhlieng B, Misra AK, Pattanayak A, Harish GD, Singh SK, Ngachan SV, Bansal KC (2015) Genetic diversity and population structure in aromatic and quality rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces from North-Eastern India. PLoS ONE 10:e0129607. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129607
Sanni KA, Fawole I, Ogunbayo SA, Tia DD, Somado EA, Futakuchi K, Sie M, Nwilene FE, Guie RG (2012) Multivariate analysis of diversity of landrace rice germplasm. Crop Sci 52:494–504
Shanmugasundaram P, Souframanien J, Sadasivam S (2000) Genetic divergence among rice varieties released from paddy breeding station, Coimbatore, India. Oryza 37:225–228
Shannon CE, Weaver W (1949) The mathematical theory of communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana
Singh SP, Malik SS, Singh AK (2005) Collection of rice landraces from Vindhyachal hills. Agric Sci Dig 25:174–177
Zeven AC (1998) Landraces: a review of definitions and classifications. Euphytica 104:127–139
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
KKM and NPS were involved in the conceptualization of research. KKM was involved in designing the experiments and contributed experimental materials. KKM and SPB were involved in the execution of field/laboratory experiments, data collection, analysis of the data and interpretation. KKM, SPB and NPS were involved in manuscript preparation.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Manohara, K.K., Bhosle, S.P. & Singh, N.P. Phenotypic Diversity of Rice Landraces Collected from Goa State for Salinity and Agro-morphological Traits. Agric Res 8, 1–8 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-018-0354-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-018-0354-2